The effect of incompatible plant pathogens on the host plant

Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Furtado, Edson Luiz

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818469-1.00004-3

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Plant pathogens cause significant threats to economic and social stability all over the world and their prevalence is growing. Viruses, bacteria, fungi, nematodes and parasitic plants are among these plant pathogens [ 18 ]. Plant-parasitic nematodes, fungi and bacteria, particularly Erwinia amylovora , are some of the main elements that impact crop growth and development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Mediated by Streptomyces plicatus: Characterizations, Antimicrobial and Nematicidal Activities and Cytogenetic Effects

Kalaba

Moghannem

El-Hawary

et al. 2021

Plants

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Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are regarded as one of the most promising kinds of materials in a variety of fields, including agriculture. Therefore, this study aimed to biosynthesize and characterize ZnO-NPs and evaluate their different biological activities. Seven isolates of actinomycetes were obtained and screened for ZnO-NPs synthesis. The isolate MK-104 was chosen and identified as the Streptomyces plicatus MK-104 strain. The biosynthesized ZnO-NPs exhibited an absorbance peak at 350 nm and were spherical in shape with an average size of 21.72 ± 4.27 nm under TEM. XRD and DLS methods confirmed these results. The biosynthesized ZnO-NPs demonstrated activity against plant pathogenic microbes such as Erwinia amylovora, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium moniliform and Alternaria alternata, with MIC values ranging from 15.6 to 500 µg/mL. Furthermore, ZnO-NPs had a significant effect on Meloidogyne incognita, with death percentages of 88.2, 93.4 and 96.72% after 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure, respectively. Vicia faba seeds were treated with five concentrations of ZnO-NPs (12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 µg/mL). Low-moderate ZnO-NP concentrations (12.5–50 µg/mL) were shown to promote seed germination and seedling development, while the mitotic index (MI) decreased as the dosage of ZnO-NPs increased. Micronuclei (MNs) and the chromosomal abnormality index increased as well.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Mediated by Streptomyces plicatus: Characterizations, Antimicrobial and Nematicidal Activities and Cytogenetic Effects

Kalaba

Moghannem

El-Hawary

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…Changes in the growth, abundance, and generative reproduction in a plant population are caused by both abiotic and biotic factors that influence plants in different ways. Among the biotic factors, a specific role is played by a variety of parasitic microorganisms living in the phyllosphere, i.e., a more dominant aerial plant structure (Agrios, 2009;Al-Ani & Furtado, 2020;Knudsen & Dandurand, 2014;Leach et al, 2014;Vorholt, 2012). ey exploit host plant resources, thereby influencing plant growth and health, reproduction ability, population size, and, finally, the productivity of the ecosystems (Al-Ani & Furtado, 2020; Colling & Matthies, 2004;Harper, 1977;Lindow & Brandl, 2003;Stone et al, 2018;rall et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plant pathogens cause diseases of the leaf, stem, root, vascular system, and fruit. e damage may be moderate or very severe, sometimes destroying all the plants or resulting in the extinction of entire plant species in other cases (Agrios, 2009;Al-Ani & Furtado, 2020;Chlebicki, 2004). To avoid disease, plants must recognize the presence of potential pathogens and launch a sufficiently strong defense response restricting pathogen attack without a detrimental effect on the plant's physiology (Clay et al, 2005;Endara et al, 2017;Leach et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aerial photosynthetic tissues of plants, also known as the phyllosphere, form a large and extremely diverse habitat for terrestrial microorganisms. e phyllosphere and rhizosphere are unique and wide-ranging habitats for a variety of microbial communities influencing plant growth and health, plant population size, and the productivity of ecosystems (Al-Ani & Furtado, 2020;Colling & Matthies, 2004;Harper, 1977;Laforest-Lapointe & Whitaker, 2019;Leach et al, 2014;Lindow & Brandl, 2003;Stone et al, 2018;rall et al, 2007). e greatest interest in phyllosphere microbiology has been placed on leaves, i.e., the more dominant aboveground plant structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microfungi in the phyllosphere of Senecio umbrosus Waldst. et Kit., a host species with a narrow ecological niche

Czarnecka,

Wołczańska †,

Cierech

2023

Acta Myc

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Among the biotic factors that limit plant growth, population size, and reproduction, there is a mass appearance of microscopic parasitic fungi. The aim of the study was to determine the spectrum of the microfungi and the degree of leaf surface infection in the ragwort Senecio umbrosus, i.e., one of the Polish red data book species. In 2014–2016, studies on the diversity and dynamics of microfungi were carried out within its population on White Mt, southeastern Poland, where it grows in xerothermic habitats. During three seasons (6 collection series between May and October), 15 microfungal species were identified in total (1–9 species per one collection date, 9 species in each season). Only Coleosporium tussilaginis was present in all study dates, and it accounted for 30–100% of all records of the microfungi. Three hyperparasites were also identified on C. tussilaginis: Cladosporium uredinicola, Ramularia coleosporii, and Alternaria sp. The other taxa were found five (Boeremia exigua, Leptosphaeria ogilviensis), four (Alternaria sp.), or three times (Ascochyta compositarum, Periconia cookei), but the majority of the microfungi were noted twice or only once, depending on meteorological conditions in a given growing season. Among common species of microfungi, we collected Ascochyta compositarum, which is a new species for Poland. Additionally, we found new fungus/host plant combinations for C. tussilaginis.

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“…Plant infections that afflict the host plants and make them sick are to blame for these deficiencies. These diseases, which can harm any component of a plant above or below the earth, can be bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic nematodes [2]. These illnesses can alter the physical, chemical, and biological makeup of agricultural crops, which in turn alters how the affected plant component's function [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convolutional neural network-based crop disease detection model using transfer learning approach

Adebayo

Aworinde

Akinwunmi

et al. 2022

IJEECS

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Crop diseases disrupt the crop's physiological constitution by affecting the crop's natural state. The physical recognition of the symptoms of the various diseases has largely been used to diagnose cassava infections. Every disease has a distinct set of symptoms that can be used to identify it. Early detection through physical identification, however, is quite difficult for a vast crop field. The use of electronic tools for illness identification then becomes necessary to promote early disease detection and control. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) were investigated in this study for the electronic identification and categorization of photographs of cassava leaves. For feature extraction and classification, the study used databases of cassava images and a deep convolutional neural network model. The methodology of this study retrained the models' current weights for visual geometry group (VGG-16), VGG-19, SqueezeNet, and MobileNet. Accuracy, loss, model complexity, and training time were all taken into consideration when evaluating how well the final layer of CNN models performed when trained on the new cassava image datasets.

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The effect of incompatible plant pathogens on the host plant

Cited by 15 publications

References 72 publications

Green Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Mediated by Streptomyces plicatus: Characterizations, Antimicrobial and Nematicidal Activities and Cytogenetic Effects

Green Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Mediated by Streptomyces plicatus: Characterizations, Antimicrobial and Nematicidal Activities and Cytogenetic Effects

Microfungi in the phyllosphere of <i>Senecio umbrosus</i> Waldst. et Kit., a host species with a narrow ecological niche

Convolutional neural network-based crop disease detection model using transfer learning approach

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