The effect of increasing centrifugal acceleration/force and flow rate for varying column aspect ratios on separation efficiency in Counter-Current Chromatography

Peng, Aihua; Hewitson, Peter; Sutherland, Ian; Chen, Lijuan; Ignatova, Svetlana

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2018.10.046

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For all columns, a linear decrease with an increase in flow rate was observed within the studied range. This is in line with similar studies from literature for both, CCC [5,18,33,[35][36][37][38][39][40] and CPC [14,16,20,22,24,38,41] of different column sizes and geometries within a certain flow rate range. However, it should be noted that this only applies up to a certain flow rate.…”

Section: Stationary Phase Retentionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In terms of resolution the columns behaved differently. The shown trends are consistent with previous CCC and CPC studies [14,15,17,18,44]. Although the resolution appears to be mostly linear dependent on the flow rate in Figure 4, this is not necessarily the case for all possible flow rates, since, according to Equation (5), R S is not a linear function of S F and N i .…”

Section: Column Efficiency and Resolution Of The Columnssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…However, this method assumes in advance that the transfer of the separation method between the two columns is possible and no adjustment or selection of suitable operating parameters is provided. Hence, this approach can only be directly applied, if a higher separation resolution occurs on the column where the method is intended to be transferred.According to literature, columns of same size but different design or cell geometries behave differently as a function of operating conditions such as flow rate and rotational speed (g-field) [14][15][16][17][18]. Differences in stationary phase retention and column efficiency have a clear influence on the separation resolution and process performances, including product purity, recovery, achievable productivity, and solvent consumption [16,[19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Inter-Apparatus Separation Method Transferability in Countercurrent Chromatography and Centrifugal Partition Chromatography

Roehrer

Minceva

2019

Separations

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In the countercurrent chromatography and centrifugal partition chromatography, separation method transfer and scale-up is often described as an easy and straightforward procedure. Separation methods are usually developed on lab scale columns and subsequently transferred using linear scale-up factors to semi-preparative or preparative columns of the same column design. However, the separation methods described in the literature have been developed on various columns of different design and size. This is accompanied by differences in the separation behavior of the columns and therefore makes separation method transfer difficult. In the current study, the separation performances of different columns were evaluated and compared. Linear correlations of stationary phase retention and column efficiency as a function of flow rate were found to be applicable for the calculation of separation resolution in the typical operating range of each column. In this context, a two-point short-cut approach for a fast column characterization is recommended. This allows a quick prediction of the separation method transferability between columns, which saves experimental time and effort. In the current study, the transferability between five different columns from lab scale countercurrent chromatography (CCC) (18 mL) to semi-preparative centrifugal partition chromatography (CPCs) (250 mL) with different cell numbers and design is investigated.Separations 2019, 6, 36 2 of 16 often differ significantly in column design as well as size. Consequently, suitable operating parameters (e.g., flow rate, rotational speed) and separation performances (e.g., stationary phase retention, column efficiency) between the columns are also different. Therefore, efficient and systematic strategies are needed to quickly transfer separation methods between different apparatuses.In conventional liquid chromatography (LC), e.g., High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), clear rules exist on how to transfer batch separation methods between columns. Here, columns are of cylindrical shape and packed with a solid stationary phase. The design parameters are column diameter, length and stationary phase particle size. In general, sample load, i.e., the feed sample concentration and relative volumetric column loading, is kept constant and the same or a better number of theoretical stages is aimed for. To achieve these criteria when transferring a separation method, usually the particle size and the column length are kept the same, while the cross sectional area and the mobile phase flow rate are adjusted in order to guarantee the same mobile phase velocity in both columns [6]. In literature, this approach was studied also for applicability in CCC and CPC. The same mobile phase linear velocity was used in both columns when transferring the separation method between columns [7]. However, this is difficult, especially in CPC, since the cross-sectional area of the CPC cells is not constant and changes along the cells of different geometries. It was shown, that an av...

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Section: Stationary Phase Retentionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Column Efficiency and Resolution Of The Columnssupporting

confidence: 90%

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confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Inter-Apparatus Separation Method Transferability in Countercurrent Chromatography and Centrifugal Partition Chromatography

Roehrer

Minceva

2019

Separations

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“…All three groups of parameters severely impact hydrodynamics inside the apparatus [18]. This leads to different flow regimes evolving, which have been well characterized in the literature [19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially and Temporally Resolved Analysis of Bleeding in a Centrifugal Partition Chromatography Rotor

Buthmann,

Laby,

Hamza

et al. 2024

Separations

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Centrifugal Partition Chromatography (CPC) is a separation technique that utilizes immiscible liquid phases to purify compounds. The selection of solvents in Liquid–Liquid Chromatography offers flexibility and optimization possibilities for specific separation tasks. Understanding the hydrodynamics inside the apparatus is crucial for optimizing a CPC process. The phase retention ratio (Sf) determines the apparatus’s operating point and separation efficiency. However, stationary phase leakage, known as bleeding, complicates the immobilization of this phase. We used a partly transparent single-disc rotor to investigate the time and space dependency of bleeding inside a CPC apparatus, enabling real-time and localized determination of the phase retention ratio. By tracking the retention values over time, we observed the bleeding phenomenon and its progression from the inlet to the rotor outlet. Depending on the phase system used, the CPC was utilizable for a separation task for only 173–500 dimensionless residence times. Systems with a higher stability parameter (as described in the literature) showed a lower bleeding rate and increased stability over time. Accordingly, our results demonstrate the importance of maintaining an optimal ratio of mobile to stationary phase for efficient separation.

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“…In CCC separations, to hold the stationary phase in a column, centrifugal chromatographs of various designs have been developed and tested [9][10][11][12][13][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. Two types of chromatographs have found practical application: (1) hydrostatic devices, commonly known as centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC), using a constant-gravity field and two rotary-seal joints for inlet and outlet of the mobile phase-a cascade of chambers connected in series by ducts, is placed in a conventional centrifuge [26][27][28][29][30][31][32]40,41]; (2) hydrodynamic devices using a variable-gravity field-a coil column is wound in one or several layers onto the drum of a planetary centrifuge [9][10][11][12][13][32][33][34][35][36]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical, Preparative, and Industrial-Scale Separation of Substances by Methods of Countercurrent Liquid-Liquid Chromatography

2020

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Countercurrent liquid-liquid chromatographic techniques (CCC), similar to solvent extraction, are based on the different distribution of compounds between two immiscible liquids and have been most widely used in natural product separations. Due to its high load capacity, low solvent consumption, the diversity of separation methods, and easy scale-up, CCC provides an attractive tool to obtain pure compounds in the analytical, preparative, and industrial-scale separations. This review focuses on the steady-state and non-steady-state CCC separations ranging from conventional CCC to more novel methods such as different modifications of dual mode, closed-loop recycling, and closed-loop recycling dual modes. The design and modeling of various embodiments of CCC separation processes have been described.

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The effect of increasing centrifugal acceleration/force and flow rate for varying column aspect ratios on separation efficiency in Counter-Current Chromatography

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Evaluation of Inter-Apparatus Separation Method Transferability in Countercurrent Chromatography and Centrifugal Partition Chromatography

Evaluation of Inter-Apparatus Separation Method Transferability in Countercurrent Chromatography and Centrifugal Partition Chromatography

Spatially and Temporally Resolved Analysis of Bleeding in a Centrifugal Partition Chromatography Rotor

Analytical, Preparative, and Industrial-Scale Separation of Substances by Methods of Countercurrent Liquid-Liquid Chromatography

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