The effect of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis on cytokinin content in a highly mycotrophic Medicago lupulina line under low phosphorus level in the soil

Andrey, Yurkov; Веселова, С. В.; Lidia, Jacobi; Galina, Stepanova; Yemelyanov, V. V.; Guzel, Kudoyarova; Maria, Shishova

doi:10.17221/617/2017-pse

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…For instance, mycorrhizal colonization did not appear to alter gene expression in the CK signaling of the legume species Medicago truncatula (Laffont et al, 2015). Yet, recent studies employing powerful biochemical tools (Adolfsson et al, 2017; Schmidt et al, 2017; Yurkov et al, 2017) confirmed what earlier studies had documented (e.g., Allen et al, 1980; Shaul-Keinan et al, 2002), i.e., that mycorrhizal (myc + ) plants exhibit altered CK levels compared to non-mycorrhizal (myc - ) plants. The intensity of these mycorrhizal effects on CK accumulation in plants depends on the fungal species, P availability in soil, as well as on plant tissue and development stage.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Among the many studies performed, two are of interest as the CK content was measured at different stages of AM development. While van Rhijn et al (1997) measured CK in myc + alfalfa plants at 14, 16, and 18 DAI, Yurkov et al (2017) determined CK content in Medicago lupulina at 1, 14, 21, 35, and 50 DAI. In both studies, CK levels were estimated by immunoassay, and thus their results are difficult to compare to ours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Stimulatory Role for Cytokinin in the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis of Pea

et al. 2019

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The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis between terrestrial plants and AM fungi is regulated by plant hormones. For most of these, a role has been clearly assigned in this mutualistic interaction; however, there are still contradictory reports for cytokinin (CK). Here, pea plants, the wild type (WT) cv. Sparkle and its mutant E151 (Pssym15), were inoculated with the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis. E151 has previously been characterized as possessing high CK levels in non-mycorrhizal (myc-) roots and exhibiting high number of fungal structures in mycorrhizal (myc+) roots. Myc- and myc+ plants were treated 7, 9, and 11 days after inoculation (DAI) with synthetic compounds known to alter CK status. WT plants were treated with a synthetic CK [6-benzylaminopurine (BAP)] or the CK degradation inhibitor INCYDE, whereas E151 plants were treated with the CK receptor antagonist PI-55. At 13 DAI, plant CK content was analyzed by mass spectrometry. The effects of the synthetic compounds on AM colonization were assessed at 28 (WT) or 35 (E151) DAI via a modified magnified intersections method. The only noticeable difference seen between myc- and myc+ plants in terms of CK content was in the levels of nucleotides (NTs). Whereas WT plants responded to fungi by lowering their NT levels, E151 plants did not. Since NTs are thought to be converted into active CK forms, this result suggests that active CKs were synthesized more effectively in WT than in E151. In general, myc+ and myc- WT plants responded similarly to INCYDE by lowering significantly their NT levels and increasing slightly their active CK levels; these responses were less obvious in BAP-treated WT plants. In contrast, the response of E151 plants to PI-55 depended on the plant mycorrhizal status. Whereas treated myc- plants exhibited high NT and low active CK levels, treated myc+ plants displayed low levels of both NTs and active CKs. Moreover, treated WT plants were more colonized than treated E151 plants. We concluded that CKs have a stimulatory role in AM colonization because increased active CK levels were paralleled with increased AM colonization while decreased CK levels corresponded to reduced AM colonization.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Stimulatory Role for Cytokinin in the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis of Pea

et al. 2019

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“…Such a decrement might be caused by the necessity of energy and metabolites supporting developmental processes for the host plant. According to our earlier data, M. lupulina's SH stage was characterized by a maximum increase in symbiotrophic P i uptake, both in leaves and roots [41]. Further plant development from SH to SBI was accompanied by the sharp increase in symbiotic efficiency in the weight of both aerial parts and roots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The possibility of active metabolic processes in symbiotic mycelium might be realized by diverse types of AM-for instance, the Paris type [45]. A significant role of mycelium in the effective AM symbiosis in the latter stages was shown for symbiosis of M. lupulina with R. irregularis [41]. The expression of sucrose fungal transporter gene MST2 (in M. truncatula + Glomus sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AM-Induced Alteration in the Expression of Genes, Encoding Phosphorus Transporters and Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Medicago lupulina

Yurkov

Kryukov

Gorbunova

et al. 2020

Plants

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Plant–microbe interactions, including those of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), have been investigated for a wide spectrum of model plants. The present study focuses on an analysis of gene expression that encodes phosphate and sugar transporters and carbohydrate metabolic enzymes in a new model plant, the highly mycotrophic Medicago lupulina MLS-1 line under conditions of phosphorus deficiency and inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularis. Expression profiles were detected by RT-PCR at six plant stages of development (second leaf, third leaf, shooting, axillary shoot branching initiation, axillary shoot branching, flowering initiation). In comparison to control (without AM), the variant with AM inoculation exhibited a significant elevation of transcription levels of carbohydrate metabolic enzymes (MlSUS, MlHXK1) and sucrose transporters (MlSUC4) in M. lupulina leaves at the shooting stage. We suggest that this leads to a significant increase in the frequency of AM infection, an abundance of mycelium in roots and an increase in AM efficiency (which is calculated by the fresh weight of aerial parts and roots at the axillary shoot branching initiation stage). In roots, the specificity of MlPT4 and MlATP1 gene expressions were revealed for effective AM symbiosis. The level of MlPT4 transcripts in AM roots increased more than tenfold in comparison to that of non-specific MlPT1 and MlPT2. For the first time, MlPT1 expression was shown to increase sharply against MlPT2 in M. lupulina roots without AM at the shooting initiation stage. A significant increase in MlRUB expression was revealed at late stages in the host plant’s development, during axillary shoot branching and flowering initiation. The opposite changes characterized MlHXK1 expression. Alteration in MlHXK1 gene transcription was the same, but was more pronounced in roots. The obtained results indicate the importance of genes that encode phosphate transporters and the enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism for effective AM development at the shooting stage in the host plant.

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“…В связи с этим мы будем анализировать транспортеры видов растений, образующих АМ, с учетом их гомологии с транспортерами A. thaliana. К видам-микоризообразователям относится такое распространенное модельное растение, как люцерна усеченная (Medicago truncatula); также новым объектом для исследований АМ может стать селектированная авторами обзора сильно микотрофная люцерна хмелевидная (Medicago lupulina) [74]. Анализ литературных данных дает возможность заключить, что многие растительные транспортеры сахаров не обладают специфичностью для АМ, кроме недавно открытых двунаправленных унипортеров семейства SWEET [22,61].…”

Section: растительные транспортеры сахаров при развитии ам-симбиозаunclassified

Molecular genetic mechanisms of sugar transport in plants in the absence and during arbuscular mycoryza development

Yurkov

Павлович²,

Kryukov

et al. 2019

Ecological genetics

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The review is aimed to analyze molecular mechanisms of carbohydrate transport during the formation of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), a widespread symbiosis of plants with Glomeromycotina subdivision fungi. Due to AM-symbiosis, plants receive microelements, mainly phosphorus, and fungi are supplied by products of carbon assimilation. The study of sugar transport mechanisms in plants as well as between plants and symbiont is methodologically difficult because of the obligatory status of AM fungi. The mechanisms of carbohydrate transport in leaf and root cells are concerned, particular interest is paid to transporters, specific to AM structures. Several resumptive schemes are designed. SWEET family of transporters (Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters), including AM-specific uniporters are reviewed. We summarize results on expression of genes encoding transporter in cells of plants without AM, in AM-plant cells with arbuscules and AM-plant cells without arbuscules. The data on genes of MST proteins family (Monosaccharide Transporters) participating in direct transport of sugars from the soil to the foliar mycelium of AM fungi are considered.

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The effect of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis on cytokinin content in a highly mycotrophic Medicago lupulina line under low phosphorus level in the soil

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

A Stimulatory Role for Cytokinin in the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis of Pea

A Stimulatory Role for Cytokinin in the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis of Pea

AM-Induced Alteration in the Expression of Genes, Encoding Phosphorus Transporters and Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Medicago lupulina

Molecular genetic mechanisms of sugar transport in plants in the absence and during arbuscular mycoryza development

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