The effect of limb amputation on standing weight distribution in the remaining three limbs in dogs

Cole, Grayson; Millis, Darryl L.

doi:10.3415/vcot-16-05-0075

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The main spatial differences between pre‐ and post‐amputation periods for the male Iberian lynx are shown in both home‐range estimates and daily distances, suggesting decreased mobility may be due to the missing forelimb. After forelimb amputation, domestic carnivores face many difficulties in returning to normal behavior since they place more than 60% of their weight on their forelimbs (Cole & Millis, 2017). However, weight recorded at necropsy suggested that the individual adapted well to the new environment where released and was able to hunt wild prey once the supplemental feeding station was not in use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the spatial ecology of severely injured free‐living felids: Iberian lynx, bobcat, and snow leopard

Nájera,

Uiterwaal,

Crespo

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Severe musculoskeletal diseases, such as those associated with congenital or traumatic events, that result in missing limbs may compromise the fitness and survival of free‐living felids. Here we report the space use of four amputee individuals from three felid species captured from 2017 to 2022 in Missouri (USA), Toledo and Badajoz (Spain), and Suitai Khairkhan Mountain (Mongolia). We describe home ranges and daily travel distances post‐release of free‐living felids that had either suffered a traumatic amputation or following a surgical amputation. We compared these data with those reported in the literature for felids without amputations. Forelimb or hindlimb amputation did not affect the hunting, mating, or territory patrolling behavior of any of the individuals. However, we recorded significant differences in the daily movement before and after the traumatic event of the Iberian lynx forelimb amputee. We attribute this difference to the physical impairment, although we consider other variables that may have played a role. Nevertheless, all animals appeared to cope well with their limb loss, showing home ranges and daily distances within those recorded for their sex and species. Unless amputee felids represent a threat to domestic livestock or humans, our data suggest these individuals may remain free‐living as they contribute to local population persistence and appear to maintain good general health and welfare.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the spatial ecology of severely injured free‐living felids: Iberian lynx, bobcat, and snow leopard

Nájera,

Uiterwaal,

Crespo

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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“…However, the gait changes drastically with amputation. Although hindlimb amputation has been suggested to have a smaller effect on the unaffected limb than forelimb amputation ( 16 ), changes in gait and weight-bearing capacity of the forelimb, especially the contralateral forelimb; increase in weight-bearing capacity of the contralateral hindlimb; increase in lateral flexion of the spine; and extension of the lumbosacral joint have been observed after hindlimb amputation ( 16 – 18 ). In the current case, cranial cruciate ligament rupture of the right stifle joint was suspected, and degenerative lumbosacral stenosis was also present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: Limb-sparing surgery of tibial chondrosarcoma with frozen autologous bone graft using liquid nitrogen in a dog

et al. 2023

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Chondrosarcoma is the second most common primary bone tumor after osteosarcoma in dogs. Chondrosarcoma has a good prognosis owing to its low metastatic rate and long survival time, even with amputation alone. However, amputation risks reducing the quality of life in patients with other orthopedic diseases of the non-affected limb, neurological diseases, or large body size. Limb-sparing surgery with frozen autologous bone grafting using liquid nitrogen allows bone quality to be maintained in the normal bone area while killing tumor cells, thereby preserving the affected limb. Thus, it is expected to maintain the quality of life. We describe herein limb-sparing surgery for tibial chondrosarcoma with frozen autologous bone graft using liquid nitrogen in an 8-year and 8-month-old castrated male bulldog weighing 29.2 kg. The patient had chondrosarcoma of the left tibia, suspected cranial cruciate ligament rupture of the right stifle, and degenerative lumbosacral stenosis. In such a case, amputation would increase the burden on the non-affected limb or spine, which could cause difficulty in walking; therefore, we performed limb-sparing surgery. Postoperatively, although a circumduction gait associated with stifle arthrodesis remained, the patient maintained the quality of life for 20 months, and the owner was satisfied with the results.

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“…1,4,8 Since the gravity center in quadrupeds is located in the thoracic region, hindlimb amputation provides better gait than forelimb amputation. 3 Despite this, weight distribution to the remaining limbs has been evaluated most frequently by using a force platform, 9,10 commercial posture analyzer, 11 or force platform and kinematics. 12,13 Kinetic and temporospatial information can also be obtained by using a pressure-sensing walkway, which has already been standardized using healthy dogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gait Analysis of Amputee Dogs Using a Pressure-Sensitive Walkway

Filho,

Rahal,

Kano

et al. 2024

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol

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Objective The aim of this study was to perform gait analysis using a pressure-sensitive walkway in dogs submitted to high (total) or low amputation (partial) of one forelimb or hindlimb. Study Design A total of 39 dogs met the inclusion criteria. The reasons for the amputations were motor vehicle accidents in 38 dogs and possible limb malformation in 1 dog. The amputee dogs were divided into four groups: G1 (n = 10)—high forelimb; G2 (n = 10)—low forelimb; G3 (n = 9)—high hindlimb; and G4 (n = 10)—low hindlimb. For kinetic evaluation, the dogs were walked across a pressure-sensitive walkway. Results In dogs with forelimb amputation, the percentage of body weight (%BW) distribution on the contralateral forelimb was 50.7% in cases of high amputation and 55.5% in cases of low amputation, while the %BW distribution on the hindlimbs, mainly in the ipsilateral hindlimb, was 27.9% in cases of high amputation and 27.1% in cases of low amputation. In cases of high amputation of the hindlimb, the %BW distribution was 71.5% on the forelimbs and 29.7% on the contralateral hindlimb, while in cases of low amputation, the distribution was mainly for the contralateral hindlimb and ipsilateral forelimb. No statistical difference was noted between the amputation levels, except for the contralateral limb in cases of low and high amputation of the hindlimbs concerning the overload percentage and %BW distribution. Conclusion The amputation level of one forelimb did not influence the %BW distribution; however, in the hindlimb, this was higher for the contralateral limb in dogs submitted to high amputation.

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The effect of limb amputation on standing weight distribution in the remaining three limbs in dogs

Cited by 23 publications

References 8 publications

Insights into the spatial ecology of severely injured free‐living felids: Iberian lynx, bobcat, and snow leopard

Insights into the spatial ecology of severely injured free‐living felids: Iberian lynx, bobcat, and snow leopard

Case report: Limb-sparing surgery of tibial chondrosarcoma with frozen autologous bone graft using liquid nitrogen in a dog

Gait Analysis of Amputee Dogs Using a Pressure-Sensitive Walkway

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