The effect of local lithium surface chemistry and topography on solid electrolyte interphase composition and dendrite nucleation

Meyerson, Melissa L.; Sheavly, Jonathan K.; Dolocan, Andrei; Griffin, Melissa; Pandit, Anish H.; Rodríguez, Rodrigo; Stephens, Ryan; Bout, David A. Vanden; Heller, Adam; Mullins, C. Buddie

doi:10.1039/c9ta03371h

Cited by 51 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In general, however, it consists of a denser layer of inorganic components closest to the Li surface with more porous organic compounds closer to the electrolyte . Li deposits preferentially through the thinner, more ionically conductive regions of the SEI, leading to high surface area dendritic structures that continue to consume electrolyte . The continuous consumption of electrolyte decreases cell efficiency and ultimately leads to cell failure in batteries that do not contain excess Li or electrolyte …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These nuclei then become preferential sites for further Li deposition, which leads to higher surface area, dendritic growth. [3,4,23] In addition to providing the most uniform surface coating, electrodeposition also has the benefit of being easily tunable. To optimize the thickness and uniformity of the MoS x films, we tuned the number of CVs run before potentiostatic deposition, the potential used for potentiostatic deposition, and the time used for potentiostatic deposition with the goal of developing a highly uniform film with good cycling performance.…”

Section: Sulfur-rich Molybdenum Sulfide As An Anode Coating To Improvmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sulfur‐Rich Molybdenum Sulfide as an Anode Coating to Improve Performance of Lithium Metal Batteries

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In lithium metal batteries (LMBs), the reaction between metallic Li and organic electrolytes consumes both Li and electrolyte, while the inhomogeneity of the resulting solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) contributes to inhomogeneous Li deposition. An artificial SEI, made by coating the Li surface with an electronically insulating material, can mitigate problems caused by uncontrolled SEI formation by 1) decreasing reduction of the electrolyte on the surface, and 2) increasing the uniformity of the Li+ flux to the electrode surface, thereby mitigating dendrite growth. In this work, we present a technique for coating the surface of LMB electrodes with sulfur‐rich molybdenum sulfide. This coating acts as an artificial SEI, which improves the coulombic efficiency and cycling stability of the LMBs by improving the reaction kinetics and decreasing the surface area of the exposed Li.

show abstract

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sulfur-rich Molybdenum Sulfide As An Anode Coating To Improvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur‐Rich Molybdenum Sulfide as an Anode Coating to Improve Performance of Lithium Metal Batteries

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The morphology of electrodeposited lithium is affected by many factors, such as current density, salt concentration where lithium is plating, tip radius of the protrusion, temperature, pressure (Yamaki et al, 1998;Gireaud et al, 2006) solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), and the ion transport and mechanical properties of electrolyte (Barton and Bockris, 1961;Diggle et al, 1969;Jana and García, 2017). While we have focused on the anode and the electrolyte, it is well-known that spontaneous reactions between lithium metal and all known electrolytes result in the formation of an SEI layer (Peled, 1979), which plays a central role in stable cycling (Tarascon and Armand, 2001;Meyerson et al, 2019). We have also glossed over the fact that liquid electrolytes are often contained within porous separators that are necessary for battery operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors That Control the Formation of Dendrites and Other Morphologies on Lithium Metal Anodes

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lithium metal is a promising anode material for next-generation rechargeable batteries, but non-uniform electrodeposition of lithium is a significant barrier. These non-uniform deposits are often referred to as lithium "dendrites," although their morphologies can vary. We have surveyed the literature on lithium electrodeposition through three classes of electrolytes: liquids, polymers and inorganic solids. We find that the non-uniform deposits can be grouped into six classes: whiskers, moss, dendrites, globules, trees, and cracks. These deposits were obtained in a variety of cell geometries using both unidirectional deposition and cell cycling. The main result of the study is a figure where the morphology of electrodeposited lithium is plotted as a function of two variables: shear modulus of the electrolyte and current density normalized by the limiting current density. We show that specific morphologies are confined to contiguous regions on this two-dimensional plot.

show abstract

“…The lithium metal anode has also been subjected to different treatments in order to increase cell performance. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] In this paper, we use a nanostructured polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (SEO) block copolymer mixed with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI). In this class of solid polymer electrolytes, planar, crystalline lithium deposition is observed over most of the cell area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended Cycling through Rigid Block Copolymer Electrolytes Enabled by Reducing Impurities in Lithium Metal Electrodes

Maslyn

Frenck

Loo

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Successful prevention of lithium dendrite growth would enable the use of lithium metal as an anode material in next-generation rechargeable batteries. Mechanically stiff block copolymer electrolytes have been shown to prolong the life of lithium metal cells by suppressing lithium dendrite growth. However, impurity particles that are invariably present in the lithium metal nucleate electrodeposition defects that eventually lead to short-circuits. In this study, we use X-ray tomography to study the morphology of electrodeposited lithium in symmetric cells containing a block copolymer electrolyte. An "electrochemical filtering" treatment was performed on these cells in order to reduce the concentration of impurity particles near the electrode-electrolyte interface, and cells were cycled to determine the effects of the treatment on lifetime. Depending on the treatment details, average charge passed before failure was improved by 30-400%. For a cell in which the treatment was most effective, cycle life was increased by more than an order of magnitude and the measured defect density was negligible. Other treated cells, however, in which the treated lithium was imperfect, had a higher areal density of defects compared to control cells. A majority of the defects in treated cells were confined within the electrodes. In contrast, most of the defects seen in the control cells were protrusions that invaded the electrolyte phase. The increased lifetime in these imperfectly treated cells was not due to a reduction in defect density, but rather due to the differences in defect morphology. These results motivate the development of deposition defect-and impurity-free lithium metal electrodes.

show abstract

The effect of local lithium surface chemistry and topography on solid electrolyte interphase composition and dendrite nucleation

Abstract: High resolution analysis shows localized organic-rich impurities in the native Li surface that promote preferential lithium deposition, leading to dendrite growth.

Cited by 51 publications

References 40 publications

Sulfur‐Rich Molybdenum Sulfide as an Anode Coating to Improve Performance of Lithium Metal Batteries

Sulfur‐Rich Molybdenum Sulfide as an Anode Coating to Improve Performance of Lithium Metal Batteries

Factors That Control the Formation of Dendrites and Other Morphologies on Lithium Metal Anodes

Extended Cycling through Rigid Block Copolymer Electrolytes Enabled by Reducing Impurities in Lithium Metal Electrodes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About