The Effect of Magnesium Gas Injecting Conditions on the Rate of Hot Metal Desulfurization

Mukawa, Susumu; Ueshima, Yoshiyuki; Sano, Masamichi; Yang, Jian; Kuwabara, Mamoru

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.46.1778

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…A pellet form of mixed MgO and Al was proposed [17][18][19] as a cheaper desulfurization flux by using gaseous Mg generated by the reduction of MgO by Al. In this technique, the pellet is immersed in the hot metal using a special lance with carrier gas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hot Metal Desulfurization Behavior with Dolomite Flux

Nakai¹,

Kikuchi²,

Miki³

et al. 2013

ISIJ Int.

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Hot metal desulfurization behavior with dolomite flux was examined in heat treatment tests of pellets and in small-scale and commercial-scale hot metal desulfurization tests by mechanical stirring. In the heat treatment tests of pellets, the Mg gas generation ratio at 1 673 K increased as the CaO/MgO ratio increased. The Mg gas generation ratio reached 90% with dolomite, which was 1.4 times higher than that with CaO + MgO at the same CaO/MgO. With calcined dolomite and Al ash, CaO efficiency for hot metal desulfurization at 1 673 K was 20-30%, which was around double the results with CaO + MgO and CaO. In the desulfurization slag, sulfur was concentrated not with Mg, but Ca and Al were found in an EPMA analysis and detected as CaS by X-ray diffraction. Desulfurization with calcined dolomite and Al ash is considered to proceed by ① desulfurization by Mg(g) and fixing of MgS as CaS, and ② desulfurization by CaO with Mg de-oxidation. 200 t commercial-scale hot metal desulfurization tests with mechanical stirring were carried out. The obtained Mg efficiency for desulfurization was in the range of 15-25% with Mg consumption of 1-1.3 kg/t as MgO. These results were within the same trend as in other studies using metallic Mg and MgO with Al.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hot Metal Desulfurization Behavior with Dolomite Flux

Nakai¹,

Kikuchi²,

Miki³

et al. 2013

ISIJ Int.

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“…But the actual utilization rate of magnesium vapor was less than 5% because of the large diameter of the bubbles and the uncontrollable process of magnesium vapor injection. Yang Jian and Masamichi Sano [7][8][9][10][11] proposed that MgO-based desulfurizer (MgO + C or MgO + Al) can be used to directly desulfurize the hot metal with the magnesium vapor generated in situ at a high temperature. The results showed that the reduction process of the magnesium oxide restricts the total desulfurization reaction of hot metal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The utilization rate of magnesium is one of the important parameters for evaluating the hot metal desulfurization technology by magnesium vapor. Irons, 6) Jian Yang [7][8][9][10][11] and Haiping Sun 1) have elaborated the basic principle of desulfurization reaction with magnesium vapor, but the effect on the utilization rate of magnesium caused by different injection conditions has not been analyzed in detail. Based on the double-film theory, an estimation model of the utilization rate of magnesium vapor for the desulfurization process of hot metal by bottom blowing magnesium vapor is established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization Rate of Magnesium in Hot Metal Desulfurization by Magnesium Vapor Injection

Zhang

et al. 2020

ISIJ Int.

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To solve the technical problems such as serious splashing and low utilization rate of the desulfurizer in the traditional hot metal desulfurization by granular magnesium injection, a new idea of hot metal desulfurization with continuously controllable bottom blowing magnesium vapor is presented in this paper. An estimation model of the utilization rate of magnesium vapor was established based on the double-film theory, which shows that the utilization rate of magnesium vapor decreases with the increase of the flow rate of the carrier gas, and increases significantly with the decrease of the bubble radius of the magnesium vapor. The theoretical calculation results show that when the desulfurization temperature reaches 1 573 K and the bubble radius of the magnesium vapor is refined to 0.175 mm, the residence time of magnesium vapor in the molten iron is equal to the reaction time, and the theoretical utilization rate of magnesium vapor can reach 100%. The model was validated by high temperature experiments using bottom blowing method. The experimental results indicate that the utilization rate of magnesium vapor in the desulfurization process is inversely proportional to the desulfurization temperature, the flow rate of the carrier gas and the mass of magnesium injection. Under the condition of 1 573 K, the mass of hot metal 4.5 kg, the flow rate of 3 L/min and the injection mass of magnesium 1.55 g, the utilization rate of magnesium vapor can reach 83%. The calculated results of the model are well matched with the experimental data. KEY WORDS: hot metal desulfurization; bottom blowing magnesium vapor; utilization rate of magnesium vapor; model of the utilization rate of magnesium vapor.

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“…Before entering the steel-making converter, the hot metal desulfurization process is essential for the production of low sulfur steel and ultralow sulfur steel, which contributes to reducing the burden of blast furnace (BF) desulfurization and production cost, as well as improving production capacity [1][2][3]. Due to the unique properties of vanadium-titanium magnetite in Panzhihua, the molten iron should be subjected to desulfurization pretreatment and vanadium recovery before entering the steel-making converter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Vanadium and Titanium on Desulfurization of CaO Slag in Liquid Iron

Yang

Song

et al. 2019

Metals

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The possibility of vanadium and titanium participating in the CaO desulfurization reaction has been evaluated. The desulfurization products of CaO which were added to liquid iron containing vanadium–titanium in lab conditions were observed. At the early stage of adding CaO, titanium and sulfur ware agglomerated on the surface of CaO particles. The particles were composed of CaO, TiO2, and CaS. However, vanadium oxide was not detected. It was proposed that the titanium rather than the vanadium could react with CaO and sulfur. The desulfurization kinetics experiment showed that the high titanium content in liquid iron reduced desulfurization velocity, while vanadium had little effect on the desulfurization. The reason for this was that the TiO2 which surrounded the CaO particle impeded the mass transfer of sulfur. The vanadium and titanium had a little influence on the final sulfur content of CaO desulfurization. The theoretical discussion of these phenomena was carried out. The controlling reaction of final sulfur content was (CaO) + [S] + [C] = (CaS) + CO(g).

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The Effect of Magnesium Gas Injecting Conditions on the Rate of Hot Metal Desulfurization

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

Hot Metal Desulfurization Behavior with Dolomite Flux

Hot Metal Desulfurization Behavior with Dolomite Flux

Utilization Rate of Magnesium in Hot Metal Desulfurization by Magnesium Vapor Injection

Effect of Vanadium and Titanium on Desulfurization of CaO Slag in Liquid Iron

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