The Effect of Management Policy & Process on Adopting Entrepreneurship Aspects by Jordanian Universities

Abstract

This paper aims at exploring the role of the university managerial systems and policies in the process of implementing the concept of entrepreneurship and innovation by Jordanian universities. A questionnaire was used as a means of data collection. Seven Jordanian universities were chosen from both governmental and private sectors and 320 questionnaires were distributed to a random sample of managerial staff of these seven universities. The resulting data was carefully viewed, audited and statistically analyzed using the most appropriate statistical tests. The outcomes and results of the statistical analysis clearly indicated that the three independent variables (i.e. The university managerial process related to conducting the entrepreneurial concept implementation problems and obstacles, the university general managerial and financial policies and managerial staff awareness of entrepreneurial aspects) had a positive impact on both dependent variables individually and collectively (i.e. university expansion and the consolidation of university competitive advantage).

Failure Factors in Traditional, Digital, and Hybrid Startups of Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Retail Industry: Literature Review

“…External obstacles such as limited budgets, inadequate government assistance, and supply chain issues also contribute to financial challenges. Addressing these factors through tailored government initiatives, improved loan accessibility, fostering a business angel culture, and embracing digital transformation is crucial for the success and long-term sustainability of startups and micro-enterprises in different regions (Rifai et al, 2016;Alharbi, 2020;Prohorovs et al, 2019;Amankwah-Amoah, 2018;Fatoki, 2014;Jenkins & McKelvie, 2016;Seethamraju, 2018;Mikle, 2020;Shepherd & Patzelt, 2017). Seethamraju and Krishna Sundar Diatha (2018) and Amankwah-Amoah (2018) shed light on the challenges faced by small retail stores in India when adopting digital technologies.…”