The effect of moisture on nitrous oxide emissions from soil and the N2O/(N2O+N2) ratio under laboratory conditions

Ciarlo, Esteban Ariel; Conti, M. E.; Bartoloni, Norberto; Rubio, Gerardo

doi:10.1007/s00374-006-0147-9

Cited by 107 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Winter cover cropping alters the soil water and the soil nitrate N content during the winter period (McCracken et al 1994;Parkin et al 2006) due to plant uptake, which are two main drivers and regulators of the processes in soils leading to denitrification (e.g., Ciarlo et al 2007;Dobbie and Smith 2003;Miller et al 2009;Ruser et al 2001;Skiba et al 1998). The NO 3 − concentration in soil solution influences N 2 O emissions not only by the substrate availability but also by the molar ratio of N 2 O and N 2 during denitrification: The higher the NO 3 − concentration, the lower the N 2 / N 2 O ratio (Blackmer and Bremner 1978;Miller et al 2009).…”

Section: Cropping System Change-based Impacts On Field N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of anaerobic digestion on soil carbon and nitrogen turnover, N emissions, and soil biological activity. A review

Möller¹

2015

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

240

139

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Sustainability in agriculture means the inclusion of several aspects, as sustainable agriculture systems must not compromise not only their ability to satisfy future needs by undermining soil fertility and the natural resource base but also sustainable agriculture has had to address a range of other issues including energy use, efficient use, and recycling of nutrients, the effects on adjacent ecosystems including the effects on water bodies and climate change. Organic manures are an important factor to keep the soil fertility level of soils. However, their management is often related to large emissions. In this context, anaerobic digestion is-similarly to composting-a treatment option for stabilization of biogenic wastes leading to a residual product called digestates, enabling the sanitation and the recycling and use as fertilizer. It is also a means to obtain energy from wastes as well as from dedicated energy crops. Therefore, anaerobic digestion potentially addresses several aspects of agricultural sustainability. This review discusses the current state of knowledge on the effects of anaerobic digestion on organic compounds in digestates and the most important processes influencing N emissions in the field, as well as the possible longterm effects on soil microbial biomass and soil fertility. The main findings are that (1) the direct effects of anaerobic digestion on long-term sustainability in terms of soil fertility and environmental impact at the field level are of minor relevance. (2) The most relevant effects of anaerobic digestion on soil fertility as well as on N emissions will be expected from indirect effects related to cropping system changes such as changes in crop rotation, crop acreage, cover cropping, and total amounts of organic manures including digestates. Furthermore, (3) the remaining organic fraction after anaerobic digestion is much more recalcitrant than the input feedstocks leading to a stabilization of the organic matter and a lower organic matter degradation rate after field application, enabling a similar reproduction of the soil organic matter as obtained by direct application of the feedstock or by composting of the feedstock. (4) Regarding emissions, the main direct effect of anaerobic digestion on a farm level is the influence on gaseous emissions during manure or digestate treatment and handling, whereas the direct effects of anaerobic digestion on a field level on emissions (NH 3 − and N 2 O − emissions, NO 3 -leaching) are negligible or at least ambiguous. (5) The main direct effects of anaerobic digestion on the field level are short-term effects on soil microbial activity and changes in the soil microbial community. Therefore, in terms of the effects on agricultural sustainability, potential cropping system-based changes induced by introduction of biogas plants are probably much more relevant for the overall performance and sustainability of the cropping system than the direct effects triggered by application of digestates in comparison to the undigested feedstock...

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Section: Cropping System Change-based Impacts On Field N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of anaerobic digestion on soil carbon and nitrogen turnover, N emissions, and soil biological activity. A review

Möller¹

2015

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

240

139

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“…The oven-dried soil samples were then rewetted to oversaturation (350 g to 400 g·water·kg −1 ·soil). The samples were air-dried for 7 days at room temperature ranging between 18 • C and 22 • C [19]. We finally obtained eight MCs for each sample.…”

Section: Sample Rewetting and Laboratory Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Soil Organic Carbon of Cropland Soil at Different Levels of Soil Moisture Using VIS-NIR Spectroscopy

et al. 2016

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) is an essential property for soil function, fertility and sustainability of agricultural systems. It can be measured with visible and near-infrared reflectance (VIS-NIR) spectroscopy efficiently based on empirical equations and spectra data for air/oven-dried samples. However, the spectral signal is interfered with by soil moisture content (MC) under in situ conditions, which will affect the accuracy of measurements and calibration transfer among different areas. This study aimed to (1) quantify the influences of MC on SOC prediction by VIS-NIR spectroscopy; and (2) explore the potentials of orthogonal signal correction (OSC) and generalized least squares weighting (GLSW) methods in the removal of moisture interference. Ninety-eight samples were collected from the Jianghan plain, China, and eight MCs were obtained for each sample by a rewetting process. The VIS-NIR spectra of the rewetted soil samples were measured in the laboratory. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used to develop SOC prediction models. Specifically, three validation strategies, namely moisture level validation, transferability validation and mixed-moisture validation, were designed to test the potentials of OSC and GLSW in removing the MC effect. Results showed that all of the PLSR models generated at different moisture levels (e.g., 50-100, 250-300 g·kg −1 ) were moderately successful in SOC predictions (r 2 pre = 0.58-0.85, RPD = 1.55-2.55). These models, however, could not be transferred to soil samples with different moisture levels. OSC and GLSW methods are useful filter transformations improving model transferability. The GLSW-PLSR model (mean of r 2 pre = 0.77, root mean square error for prediction (RMSEP) = 3.08 g·kg −1 , and residual prediction deviations (RPD) = 2.09) outperforms the OSC-PLSR model (mean of r 2 pre = 0.67, RMSEP = 3.67 g·kg −1 , and RPD = 1.76) when the moisture-mixed protocol is used. Results demonstrated the use of OSC and GLSW combined with PLSR models for efficient estimation of SOC using VIS-NIR under different soil MC conditions.

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“…N 2 O fluxes generally increase with increasing soil moisture (Adviento-Borbe et al 2006;Liu et al 2007), but moisture content associated with maximum N 2 O fluxes are reported between 30 and 80 % water-filled pore space (Granli and Bockman 1994;Ciarlo et al 2007). In addition, other microbial processes can contribute to N 2 O production, including nitrification and nitrifier denitrification (Kaplan 1983;Wrage et al 2001).…”

Section: Anthropogenic Activity Has Drastically Altered the Global Nimentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrous oxide fluxes and dissolved N gases (N2 and N2O) within riparian zones along the agriculturally impacted San Joaquin River

Hinshaw

Dahlgren

2016

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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TitleNitrous oxide fluxes and dissolved N gases (N2 and N2O) within riparian zones along the agriculturally impacted San Joaquin River ? and NO 3 -, while benthic N 2 O fluxes were regulated by variations in dissolved oxygen and river flow. Higher fluxes in the riparian soils in 2011 were attributed to several months of flooding that significantly impacted groundwater tables and nutrient availability. Dissolved N 2 O from groundwater within the riparian zones was not found to be a significant factor contributing to atmospheric fluxes. These results suggest that riparian zones within the agriculturally impacted San Joaquin River were a significant source of N 2 O when elevated NO 3 -was present. Different controlling factors for fluxes within benthic sediments suggested that riparian vegetation did not play a role in NO 3 -concentrations or fluxes within the surface water.

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The effect of moisture on nitrous oxide emissions from soil and the N2O/(N2O+N2) ratio under laboratory conditions

Cited by 107 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of anaerobic digestion on soil carbon and nitrogen turnover, N emissions, and soil biological activity. A review

Effects of anaerobic digestion on soil carbon and nitrogen turnover, N emissions, and soil biological activity. A review

Estimating Soil Organic Carbon of Cropland Soil at Different Levels of Soil Moisture Using VIS-NIR Spectroscopy

Nitrous oxide fluxes and dissolved N gases (N2 and N2O) within riparian zones along the agriculturally impacted San Joaquin River

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