The effect of mouth breathing versus nasal breathing on dentofacial and craniofacial development in orthodontic patients

Harari, Doron; Redlich, Meir; Shalish, Miri; Hamud, Tachsin; Gross, Menachem

doi:10.1002/lary.20991

Cited by 208 publications

(186 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This finding indicated a greater narrowing of the maxillary arch especially in the posterior part of the palate in SG. These results were similar to those obtained by Harari et al [5], Bresolin et al [7] and Berwig at al. [22] who compared sample groups of nasal and mouth breathers in the 8-12 year age on plaster casts demonstrating that a change in the breathing pattern of children leads to a narrowing of intermolar and intercanine widths.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In mouth-breathing patients the tongue does not exert any force on the upper teeth, which allows the upper arch to remain undeveloped, directly influencing the skeletal development in preschool children [4]. Although mouthbreathing etiology is multifactorial, the most common causes are anatomical obstruction, such as palatine and pharyngeal tonsil hypertrophy, allergic rhinitis, nasal septal deviation, nasal polyps and nasal turbinate hypertrophy [5]. In particular allergic rhinitis, a chronic respiratory problem with a high prevalence, result from a complex, allergen-driven mucosal inflammatory process that can result in nasal obstruction with consequent transition from nasal to oral breathing [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the literature the effects of the alteration of the normal breathing pattern on dental arches have generally been described as dimensional changes in intercanine and intermolar width and arch lengths by using traditional methods on dental casts measured with calipers [3][4][5]7,8]. Vieira et al [3] and Harari et al [6] found that a change in the breathing pattern of children can induce dental changes such as a narrowing of the maxillary arch at the level of the canine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of maxillary arch dimensions and palatal morphology in mouth-breathing children by using digital dental casts

Lione

Buongiorno

Franchi

et al. 2014

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evaluation of maxillary arch dimensions and palatal morphology in mouth-breathing children by using digital dental casts

Lione

Buongiorno

Franchi

et al. 2014

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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“…The impact caused by upper airway obstruction results in changes in facial growth 2 ; posture, including lips and tongue 4 ; architecture and morphology of the maxilla 3 , hard palate 5 , and mandible 6 ; and consequently, in dental occlusion [7][8][9][10][11][12] , justifying the interest and need for intervention in altered respiratory mode by several health professionals such as speech-language pathologists, physiotherapists, and dental surgeons, in partnership with otorhinolaryngologists and pediatricians.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The specific scientific literature also reports interference in dental occlusion, and some of the studies on prevalence of malocclusions in oral breathers tend to show that Angle Class II malocclusion is greater than [7][8][9][10] Class I 11,12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference of mouth breathing with orthodontic treatment duration in Angle Class II, Division 1

Rodrigues

Souza-Silva

Baldrighi

et al. 2017

Rev. odontol. UNESP

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ResumoIntrodução: Diversos fatores podem interferir no tratamento ortodôntico, sendo importante verificar quais podem prejudicar o seu sucesso. Objetivo: Comparar a duração do tratamento ortodôntico entre respiradores orais e nasais em indivíduos com má oclusão de Angle Classe II, divisão 1. Material e método: Trata-se de um estudo observacional analítico, que utilizou prontuários de pacientes ortodônticos, compreendendo o período de 1999 a 2009, de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior do Estado de São Paulo. Os dados foram analisados pelas variáveis: idade, sexo, modo respiratório (oral ou nasal) e tempo de tratamento (inicial e final). Os pacientes foram pareados por idade e pelo tratamento utilizado. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se o teste ANOVA (p<0,05). Resultado: A amostra foi composta por 36 indivíduos, sendo 16 do sexo feminino (10 respiradores nasais e 6 orais) e 20 do masculino (8 respiradores nasais e 12 orais), com idades entre nove e 15 anos (média:13,02). Quanto ao tempo de tratamento ortodôntico, os respiradores nasais permaneceram entre 27 e 74 meses (média 39,61) e os orais entre 29 e 50 meses (média 36,66), sem diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos de estudo. Conclusão: O modo respiratório alterado não foi uma variável que interferiu no tempo de tratamento na amostra do estudo.Descritores: Má oclusão; respiração bucal; tratamento ortodôntico. AbstractIntroduction: Several factors can interfere with orthodontic treatment, and it is important to verify which ones may hinder its success. Objective: To compare the duration of orthodontic treatment between nasal and mouth breathers with Angle Class II, Division 1 malocclusion. Material and method: This is an analytical observational study which used the records of orthodontic patients cared at a higher education institution in Sao Paulo state, Brazil, between 1999 and 2009. Data from the following variables were analyzed: age, gender, breathing mode (nasal or oral breathing), and treatment duration (beginning and end). Patients were matched for age and treatment used. The ANOVA test was applied to analyze the study data at 5% significance level (p<0.05). Result: The study sample consisted of 36 individuals, 16 female (10 nasal breathers and six mouth breathers) and 20 males (eight nasal breathers and 12 mouth breathers), aged nine to 15 years (mean age=13.021). As for orthodontic treatment duration, individuals in the nasal breathing group remained between 27 and 74 months (mean duration=39.61) under treatment, whereas treatment of individuals in the mouth breathing group lasted between 29 and 50 months (mean duration=36.66). No statistically significant differences were observed between the study groups. Conclusions: We conclude that the variable altered breathing mode does not interfere with treatment duration.

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Corrective Nasal Surgery in the Younger Patient

Adil

Goyal

Fedok

2014

JAMA Facial Plast Surg

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IMPORTANCE To describe clinical parameters for the management of the pediatric patient with nasal anatomical deformity or functional impairment. OBJECTIVES To review the authors' experience with corrective nasal surgery in pediatric patients and make recommendations regarding indications for surgery and surgical techniques. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A retrospective medical chart review was performed for all male patients younger than 16 years and female patients younger than 14 years seen by the senior author (F.G.F.) at a tertiary referral center between August 1996 and August 2012. The database was searched for patients who underwent septoplasty or corrective nasal surgery by the senior author. EXPOSURES Patients included in the study underwent either septoplasty or corrective nasal surgery by the senior author. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Age, indication for surgery, surgery performed, and last follow-up appointment was recorded for each patient. In addition, any complications or need for revision surgical or adjunct procedures were noted. RESULTS Demographics and outcomes for 54 pediatric patients were included in the study. The most common indications for surgery were posttraumatic deformities (n = 36) and severe airway obstruction (n = 48). Fifteen patients with severe nasal airway obstruction did not have a documented history of trauma. The mean follow-up period was 646 days (approximately 21 months), with a range of 8 to 4062 days. Five patients underwent a staged procedure, and no patients underwent a revision procedure for unsatisfactory results. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Children with nasal obstruction and deformity can safely undergo nasal corrective surgery prior to adolescence. Special considerations include preserving normal structures and the judicious use of grafts. The recommended approaches to managing the pediatric septoplasty and nasal surgery patient are described herein through a series of representative cases. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3.

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The effect of mouth breathing versus nasal breathing on dentofacial and craniofacial development in orthodontic patients

Abstract: Naso-respiratory obstruction with mouth breathing during critical growth periods in children has a higher tendency for clockwise rotation of the growing mandible, with a disproportionate increase in anterior lower vertical face height and decreased posterior facial height.

Cited by 208 publications

References 21 publications

Evaluation of maxillary arch dimensions and palatal morphology in mouth-breathing children by using digital dental casts

Evaluation of maxillary arch dimensions and palatal morphology in mouth-breathing children by using digital dental casts

Interference of mouth breathing with orthodontic treatment duration in Angle Class II, Division 1

Corrective Nasal Surgery in the Younger Patient

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