The Effect of Multi-Directional on Remote Heart Rate Measurement Using PA-LI Joint ICEEMDAN Method with mm-Wave FMCW Radar

Remote Vital Signs Measurement of Indoor Walking Persons Using mm-Wave FMCW Radar

“…The phase-change information is then extracted from the most appropriate range bin cells along the time dimension, and it is unwrapped to calculate 𝑥(𝑡) . By the way, in order to increase the time utilization per frame and improve the phase quality, we propose the PA-LI method of emitting multiple up-chirp signals in each frame [29]. Finally, the vital signs are typically extracted from the 𝑥(𝑡) using a band-pass filter, wavelet transform, or other means.…”

“…However, EMD has issues with "mode mixing" and the "endpoint effect" [38], [39]. The ICEEMDAN method is an improved method based on EMD that can solve problems of the EMD and has been used to extract vital signs in our previous work [29], [40].…”

“…Next, FFT is performed on all IMFs and 𝑟 (𝑡) to obtain their frequency spectrum. According to the discussion in the paper [29], the IMF filter selects the IMF with a spectrum peak appearing in the range of 0.8-2.0 Hz as the heart IMF, and the corresponding breathing IMF has a peak in the range of 0.2-0.4 Hz. They are used to reconstruct the heartbeat and respiratory signals, respectively.…”

“…Instead of the manual postprocessing form, this method automatically selects the optimal range bin cell for vital sign monitoring, and its effectiveness was demonstrated through experiments in which subjects walked back and forth in front of the radar module. Meanwhile, we proposed and evaluated methods for measuring heart rate from multiple orientations, which opens up the possibility of this research topic [29]. The adaptive range bin selection method will be improved in this study, and a comprehensive set of experimental methods will be devised to assess the accuracy and stability of the measurements.…”

Design and evaluation of remote tracking heart rate measurement based on millimeter-wave FMCW radar

“…Therefore, studies on heart rate measurement based on millimeter-wave FMCW radar have increased recently. For example, [3] describes the measurement of heart rate based on phase analysis of radar signals; in our previous work [4], we proposed a phase accumulation-linear interpolation (PA-LI) method to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the thoracic signal to obtain an accurate heartbeat signal, and evaluated it from multiple directions.…”