The effect of nano‐SiO₂ on the physicochemical and structural properties of gelatin‐polyvinyl alcohol composite films

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of nano‐silicon dioxide (nano‐SiO2) (0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) and the ratio of PVA/gelatin (1:1 and 2:1) on the physicochemical and structural properties of gelatin/polyvinyl alcohol composite films. The results showed that the highest value of tensile strength (18.05 MPa) was found for a PVA/gelatin ratio of 2:1 and 1% nano‐SiO2 (P2:G1‐1%). The films’ elongation at break value increased with increases in the nano‐SiO2 and PVA content, while their water solubility decreased with the addition of nano‐SiO2. Their water vapor permeability decreased with 1% nano‐SiO2, and the lowest value for water vapor permeability was with P2:G1‐1%. Fourier transform infrared and differential scanning calorimetry results showed that appropriate interaction between both polymers and nano‐SiO2 was found with P2:G1‐1%. Scanning electron microscopy illustrated a compact structure and good compatibility of nano‐SiO2 with gelatin in P1:G1‐1% film. X‐ray diffraction results showed that the crystallization peak intensity of P2:G1‐1% was higher than that of P1:G1‐1% nanocomposite films. Overall, the results indicated that the concentration of 1% of nano‐SiO2 in P2:G1 films significantly improved the films’ physicochemical and structural properties. These results suggest that they could be useful as food‐packaging materials to maintain food quality. Practical application Gelatin films possess properties that make them useful in packaging, such as water vapor resistance and low values for mechanical properties. PVA as a synthetic polymer, have good tensile strength asz and biodegradability along with high numbers of hydrophilic groups. PVA has also been used in many biomaterial applications. Some advantages of nanomaterials such as silica nanoparticle are high mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. In the present study, nano‐SiO2 was used in films blended from PVA and gelatin. The improved physicochemical and structural properties achieved through the use of nano‐SiO2 could make the films more effective as food packaging.

Investigation of Linear Optical Parameters and Dielectric Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol/ZnO Nanocomposite Films

“…The scientific community maintains considerable interest in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based on metal oxide nanocomposites due to its ability to combine both polymers and dopants with their properties. [ 1–15 ] These polymers have many applications in medical and engineering technology because of their mechanical, electrical, and optical properties. [ 16,17 ] ZnO‐based polymeric nanocomposite materials have attracted scientific attention because of their transparency, high electron mobility, wide bandgap (3.2 eV, at 300 K [ 18,19 ] ), and electrical properties.…”

Facile preparation for gelatin/hydroxyethyl cellulose‐SiO2 composite aerogel with good mechanical strength, heat insulation, and water resistance

“…Peaks at 995 cm −1 were detected in GA/HEC‐SiO 2 (1), which are attributed to the COSi group. The phenomenon may be explained by the interaction between GA and high concentration of SiO 2 , leading to the formation of more intermolecular hydrogen bonds and COSi groups between surface groups 41 . Peaks at 2750–3100 cm −1 were detected in composite aerogel and are in connection with the CH stretching from alkyl groups of glutaraldehyde, meaning the interactions of aldehyde (CHO) and amino(NH 2 ) carboxylic acids groups (COOH) between glutaraldehyde and GA 35 .…”

“…The phenomenon may be explained by the interaction between GA and high concentration of SiO 2 , leading to the formation of more intermolecular hydrogen bonds and C O Si groups between surface groups. 41 Peaks at 2750-3100 cm −1 were detected in composite aerogel and are in connection with the C H stretching from alkyl groups of glutaraldehyde, meaning the interactions of aldehyde ( CHO) and amino( NH 2 ) carboxylic acids groups ( COOH) between glutaraldehyde and GA. 35 The slightly offset of amide bands after compounding of GA, HEC, and SiO 2 indicated the new interaction between substrate compounds. It is generally believed that the shift of the infrared spectral band is due to hydrogen bond interaction or electrostatic interaction between polymers.…”

Preparation and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol)/gum tragacanth/cellulose nanocomposite film

“…It is obtained by hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate and used for its low‐toxicity, biodegradability, transparency, good emulsifying and adherence, as well as its good film‐forming ability in a wide range of industries 5,6 . The ability to form hydrogen bonds due to a large number of hydroxyl groups in its structure and excellent physical properties have made this polymer repeatedly used in combination with other polymers, such as, chitosan, gelatin, and starch 7–9 …”

“…One of the ways to enhance the structural and physicochemical properties of edible films is the addition of crosslinking compounds such as chemical agents, 1 enzymes, 22 and nanomaterials 9 . In recent years, nano‐materials derived from biological sources have reasonable prices and better physical properties as a suitable substitute for nano minerals 23,24 .…”