The effect of nanodiamonds on candida albicans adhesion and surface characteristics of PMMA denture base material - an in vitro study

Abstract

Candida albicans is the main causative pathogen of denture stomatitis, which affects many complete denture patients. Objective: To evaluate the effect of different concentrations of nanodiamonds (NDs) added to polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base material on Candida albicans adhesion as well as on surface roughness and contact angle. Methodology: Acrylic resin specimens sized 10×10×3 mm3 were prepared and divided into four groups (n=30) according to ND concentration (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% by wt). Surface roughness was measured with a profilometer, and the contact angle with a goniometer. The effect of NDs on Candida albicans adhesion was evaluated using two methods: 1) slide count and 2) direct culture test. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc test were used in the statistical analyses. Results: Addition of NDs decreased the Candida albicans count significantly more than in the control group (p<0.05), with a lowest of 1% NDs. Addition of NDs also significantly decreased the surface roughness (p<0.05), but the contact angle remained the same. Incorporation of NDs into the PMMA denture base material effectively reduced Candida albicans adhesion and decreased surface roughness. Conclusion: PMMA/NDs composites could be valuable in the prevention of denture stomatitis, which is considered one of the most common clinical problems among removable denture wearers.

In Vitro Assessment of Artificial Aging on the Antifungal Activity of PMMA Denture Base Material Modified with ZrO2 Nanoparticles

“…Next, to eliminate the solvent, a rotary evaporator under a vacuum was utilized for 30 minutes at 60°C and 150 rpm. In order to obtain the treated ZrO 2 NPs, samples were dried, subjected to 120°C for 2 hours, and then bench-cooled [19][20][21]. e treated ZrO 2 NPs were weighed using an electronic balance (S-234; Denver Instrument, Gottingen, Germany) and incorporated into a heat-polymerized acrylic resin powder and then mixed using a mortar and pestle.…”

“…Disk-shaped, heat-polymerized acrylic resin specimens with dimensions of 10 × 2 ± 0.1 mm were fabricated following the conventional method and steps for denture base fabrication in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions [16,20,21]. Wax specimens (Vertex Dental B. V., Soesterberg, Netherlands) were obtained using negative molds and then invested in metal flasks (61B Two Flask Compress; Handler Manufacturing) and type III dental stones (Fujirock EP; GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan).…”

“…en, the specimens were removed from the tubes, leaving the clustered pellets behind in the tubes. Lastly, the C. albicans colonies that adhered to each specimen were calculated using the direct culture test [19,20].…”

Positive Effects of Saliva on Oral Candidiasis: Basic Research on the Analysis of Salivary Properties

“…The use of ill-fitting dentures leads to oral candidiasis and has been associated with denture stomatitis, which affects saliva production and leads to the development of symptoms [ 4 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Many studies have reported that prosthetic treatment improved the salivary flow rate [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Investigation of Impact Strength, Water Sorption and Cytotoxicity of Denture Base Resin Reinforced with Polypropylene Fiber: In Vitro Study

“…It is the main material for the fabrication of dentures because of its simple processing technique, relatively low cost of fabrication process, and high aesthetic properties. 1,2 However, despite these satisfying properties, poor mechanical properties including low fatigue resistance and low impact strength should be improved to obtain long-term clinical success. 3,4 Within the 3 years of using prosthesis, the fracture rate of acrylic resin was determined at 68%, especially from the midline of the prosthesis under masticatory forces.…”