According to ISO and ASTM specifications, nanoparticles are described as the
particles with a size in the range of 1-100 with one or more dimensions,
being the base of nanotechnology. In this study, a comprehensive review on
the thermodynamic effects of nanoparticles on thermal origin is carried out.
Firstly, the classification of nanoparticles, which includes organic,
inorganic and carbon-based nanoparticles are introduced. Then, various
applications of nanoparticles in many fields including cosmetics,
sunscreens, electronics, catalysis, mechanics, manufacturing, materials,
environment and energy harvesting are briefly highlighted. A comprehensive
review on the recent research trends on the impacts of nanoparticles on
thermal origin is collected and summarized. Afterwards, the physical,
chemical, and thermal properties of nanoparticles are highlighted. In the
end, a conclusion is withdrawn.