The effect of nanotube surface oxidation on the electrical properties of multiwall carbon nanotube/poly(vinylidene fluoride) composites

Abstract

Carbon nanotubes / poly(vinylidene fluoride) composites were prepared using CNT with different oxidation and thermal treatments. The oxidation procedure leads to CNT with the most acidic characteristics that lower the degree of crystallinity of the polymer and contribute to a large increase of the dielectric constant. The surface treatments, in general, increase percolation threshold and decrease conductivity, but, on the other hand, are able to promote the nucleation of the electroactive phase of the polymer, which is suitable for the use of PVDF in sensors, actuators and other smart materials applications. Finally, the surface treatments do not seem to affect CNT interaction among them, reaching similar degrees of dispersion in all cases, as shown by the SEM results. The maximum value of the dielectric constant is ~630. It is demonstrated that the composite conductivity can be attributed to a hopping mechanism that is strongly affected by the surface treatment of the CNT.

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/carbon nanotube nanocomposites for energy storage and conversion

“…In particular, compared with other spherical-shaped conductive filling materials such as carbon black, MWCNTs with large length/diameter aspect ratios help the composite system show a high electric conductivity at low concentrations due to their low percolation threshold [47,48]. However, Carabineiro et al [49] observed that the conductivity of the PVDF-MWCNTs further increased by nearly three orders of magnitude, from order of 10 −7 S/cm to order of 10 −4 S/cm, by the increased concentration of the MWCNTs. Figure 8 shows typical galvanostatic discharge of PVDF-PAN/MWCNTs with different currents and wt.% of MWCNTs.…”

Improving the thermal properties of fluoroelastomer (Viton GF-600S) using acidic surface modified carbon nanotube

“…The materials used were Viton GF-600S fluoroelastomer, FE; organic peroxide, Luperox 101 XL-45; acid surface modified carbon nanotube MCNT (TNMC8, -COOH Content:0.49wt%), carbon nanotube CNT (TNM8) both with an outside diameter > 50 nm, inside diameter:5-15nm, purity > 95%, and length [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Mixing FE with additives was done using a laboratory scale two roll mill with a roll temperature of 48°C. FE in the above mentioned composition was supplied to the open roll.…”

“…Carabineiro et al [19,20] prepared CNT/PVDF composites using modified CNT samples. According to their research results, surface modifications of MWCNTs had an effect on the electrical response and the degree of crystallinity of the CNT/PVDF nanocomposites.…”

Free‐standing and flexible nano‐ZnO/PVDF composite thin films: impedance spectroscopic studies

“…In a recent work, reduced graphene oxide (GO)-ZnO was synthesized and added into PVDF to produce a completely flexible thin film. [22] They showed that because of the inclusion of the nanofillers in host, PVDF matrix can lead to increasing of β-phase and as a consequence increase of piezoelectricity and thermal stabilization of polymers during their decomposition. Wu et al showed in their study the superior dielectric performance of the GO/PVDF composites are demonstrated.…”