The effect of neuroleptic treatments on executive function and symptomatology in schizophrenia: A 1-year follow up study

Rémillard, Sophie; Pourcher, Emmanuelle; Cohen, Henrí

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2005.07.026

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Treatment with risperidone or haloperidol failed to improve any of the other CVLT measures. These results are consistent with other studies showing similar observations (Cuesta et al, 2001;Green et al, 2002;Purdon et al, 2000;Stip & Lussier, 1996) and with a previous study (Rémillard et al, 2005) that reported similar effects on executive function.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Aleman et al (1999) also observed an association between poor memory performance and negative symptoms in SC patients. However, there is still some controversy regarding the association between improvements in cognitive symptoms and in psychiatric symptoms, as several studies have failed to reveal any relationship between either negative or positive symptoms and cognitive performance, including attention and verbal memory (Epstein et al, 1996;Hughes et al, 2003;Liu et al, 2000;Rémillard et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term effects of risperidoneversushaloperidol on verbal memory, attention, and symptomatology in schizophrenia

Rémillard

Pourcher

Cohen

2007

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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There is evidence in the literature that cognitive functions in schizophrenia (SC) may be improved by atypical neuroleptics (NLPs) in contrast to typical medication, but there is still controversy regarding this apparent superiority of atypical drugs. In this study, we assessed the differential effects of risperidone and haloperidol on verbal memory, attention, and psychiatric symptoms in SC. The performance of 28 SC participants, randomly assigned to risperidone (2-6 mg0day) or haloperidol (2-40 mg0day), was compared with that of healthy controls. The California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), the d2 Cancellation Test, and the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale were administered at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months. Relative to controls, all SC participants showed markedly impaired verbal memory and processing speed at each assessment period. There was no differential effect between the two NLPs on CVLT and d2 performance. However, risperidone was more effective than haloperidol in reducing psychiatric symptoms. Improvement in symptom severity was not associated with improvement in neurocognitive performance on these specific tests. Neither conventional nor atypical neuroleptic medications improved neurocognitive functioning over a 12-month follow-up, suggesting that psychopathological improvement under risperidone is independent of cognitive function. (JINS, 2008, 14, 110-118.)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term effects of risperidoneversushaloperidol on verbal memory, attention, and symptomatology in schizophrenia

Rémillard

Pourcher

Cohen

2007

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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“…Specifically, clozapine has demonstrated limited or no effects on executive function (Meltzer and McGurk, 1999;Hoff et al, 1996;Bellack et al, 2004). Risperidone has been shown either to be not effective (Bellack et al, 2004;Remillard et al, 2005;Lee et al, 2007) or slightly effective, as measured by Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (Meltzer and McGurk, 1999;Harvey et al, 2005), and olanzapine produces effects in the same range as risperidone (Meltzer and McGurk, 1999;Bilder et al, 2002;Keefe et al, 2007). In a small clinical trial, sertindole has shown superiority to haloperidol on executive function performance (Gallhofer et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversal of Subchronic PCP-Induced Deficits in Attentional Set Shifting in Rats by Sertindole and a 5-HT6 Receptor Antagonist: Comparison Among Antipsychotics

Rodefer

Nguyen

Karlsson

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

116

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Currently accepted treatments for schizophrenia can effectively control positive symptoms but have limited impact on cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. The purpose of these experiments was to address this unmet need by characterizing the effects of classical and secondgeneration antipsychotics on cognitive impairments associated with schizophrenia. An additional aim was to characterize the part(s) of the pharmacological profile of drugs that were important to reverse deficits. Cognitive deficits were assessed using a frontally mediated attentional set-shifting task in rats that is analogous to tasks used in humans and nonhuman primates that assess executive function. Mirroring findings in patients with schizophrenia, the classical antipsychotic haloperidol was ineffective in treating set-shifting deficits induced by subchronic treatment with phencyclidine (PCP). Similarly, second-generation antipsychotics, risperidone, clozapine, and olanzapine were ineffective. In contrast, selected doses of sertindole and the 5-HT 6 receptor antagonist SB 271046 attenuated PCPinduced set-shifting deficits. Finally, the 5-HT 2A receptor antagonist M100907 was without effect. Further examination revealed that repeated treatment (21 days) with sertindole, but not olanzapine, also was effective in reversing the executive function deficit. These data suggest that the combination of 5-HT 6 antagonistic activity and the absence of antimuscarinic activity may represent key characteristics of the pharmacological profile for improved antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia.

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“…The absence of detrimental effects of low doses of haloperidol in control subjects and the demonstration of beneficial cognitive effects in patients by equivalent, low doses of haloperidol (Green et al, 2002;Harvey et al, 2005;Keefe et al, 2006b;Mishara and Goldberg, 2004;Remillard et al, 2005;Rollnik et al, 2002) together suggest that conclusions about the cognitive profile of FGAs require careful consideration of dose and receptor occupancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather, several studies indicated that members of both classes of antipsychotic drugs produce moderate and largely equivalent improvements in cognitive function, particularly when administered at relatively low doses (Green et al, 2002;Harvey et al, 2005;Keefe et al, 2006b;Mishara and Goldberg, 2004;Remillard et al, 2005;Rollnik et al, 2002). Thus, the goal of our research was to define an animal model capable of detecting the limited beneficial cognitive effects of low-dose treatment of an FGA (haloperidol) and an SGA (clozapine; see 'Methods' for the definition and justification of low doses of either drug; Kapur et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of the Moderately Beneficial Cognitive Effects of Low-Dose Treatment with Haloperidol or Clozapine in an Animal Model of the Attentional Impairments of Schizophrenia

Martı́nez

Sarter

2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

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The absence of effective cognition enhancers for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia limits the validation of animal models and behavioral tests used for drug finding and characterization. However, low doses of haloperidol and clozapine were documented to produce moderately beneficial effects in patients. Therefore, this experiment was designed to determine the attentional effects of such treatments in a repeated-amphetamine (AMPH) animal model. Animals were trained in an operant-sustained attention task and underwent a 40-day pretreatment period with saline or increasing doses (1-10 mg per kg) of AMPH. After regaining baseline performance following 10 days of saline treatment, animals were treated with haloperidol (0.025 mg per kg), clozapine (2.5 mg per kg), or vehicle for 10 days. Furthermore, the effects of AMPH challenges (1.0 mg per kg) were assessed. In AMPH-pretreated animals, the administration of AMPH challenges resulted in the disruption of attentional performance. Treatment with haloperidol and clozapine attenuated the detrimental performance effects of these challenges, with clozapine exhibiting more robust attenuation. Furthermore, clozapine, but not haloperidol, impaired the performance of control animals. In contrast, the performance of AMPH-pretreated animals remained unaffected by clozapine. As this animal model detects the moderately beneficial cognitive effects of haloperidol and clozapine, it may be useful for preclinical research designed to detect and characterize treatments for the cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia.

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The effect of neuroleptic treatments on executive function and symptomatology in schizophrenia: A 1-year follow up study

Cited by 23 publications

References 43 publications

Long-term effects of risperidoneversushaloperidol on verbal memory, attention, and symptomatology in schizophrenia

Long-term effects of risperidoneversushaloperidol on verbal memory, attention, and symptomatology in schizophrenia

Reversal of Subchronic PCP-Induced Deficits in Attentional Set Shifting in Rats by Sertindole and a 5-HT6 Receptor Antagonist: Comparison Among Antipsychotics

Detection of the Moderately Beneficial Cognitive Effects of Low-Dose Treatment with Haloperidol or Clozapine in an Animal Model of the Attentional Impairments of Schizophrenia

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