The effect of night‐time exercise on sleep architecture among well‐trained male endurance runners

Aloulou, Anis; Duforez, François; Bieuzen, François; Nédélec, Mathieu

doi:10.1111/jsr.12964

Cited by 22 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Finally, an important caveat remains that the effects we observed in the TS condition (experiment 2) and, especially, in the running wheel condition (experiment 1) as compared to exploratory wakefulness may be, at least to some extent, be accounted for by the different amount or intensity of physical activity. Previous human studies have shown that exercise can promote sleep [ 54 – 56 ], and acute exercise before bedtime can increase sleep amount [ 57 , 58 ], but could also interfere with deep NREM sleep in the first hours of sleep [ 59 ]. We did not observe any disruption in NREM sleep after our manipulations, but additional studies are necessary to further investigate the role of physical activity associated with different behaviours on sleep and sleep homeostasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waking experience modulates sleep need in mice

et al. 2021

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Background Homeostatic regulation of sleep is reflected in the maintenance of a daily balance between sleep and wakefulness. Although numerous internal and external factors can influence sleep, it is unclear whether and to what extent the process that keeps track of time spent awake is determined by the content of the waking experience. We hypothesised that alterations in environmental conditions may elicit different types of wakefulness, which will in turn influence both the capacity to sustain continuous wakefulness as well as the rates of accumulating sleep pressure. To address this, we compared the effects of repetitive behaviours such as voluntary wheel running or performing a simple touchscreen task, with wakefulness dominated by novel object exploration, on sleep timing and EEG slow-wave activity (SWA) during subsequent NREM sleep. Results We find that voluntary wheel running is associated with higher wake EEG theta-frequency activity and results in longer wake episodes, as compared with exploratory behaviour; yet, it does not lead to higher levels of EEG SWA during subsequent NREM sleep in either the frontal or occipital derivation. Furthermore, engagement in a touchscreen task, motivated by food reward, results in lower SWA during subsequent NREM sleep in both derivations, as compared to exploratory wakefulness, even though the total duration of wakefulness is similar. Conclusion Overall, our study suggests that sleep-wake behaviour is highly flexible within an individual and that the homeostatic processes that keep track of time spent awake are sensitive to the nature of the waking experience. We therefore conclude that sleep dynamics are determined, to a large degree, by the interaction between the organism and the environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waking experience modulates sleep need in mice

et al. 2021

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“…increased muscle damage) 2 , though such mechanisms have not gained appraisal. 35 It is perhaps more plausible that the core players may have experienced a change in their mood (i.e. elation or tension) as a result of the match outcome that meant they adopted a later bedtime than usual.…”

Section: Sleep Comparison Between Night After Match and Training Nightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sleep Analysis of Elite Female Soccer Players During a Competition Week

Thomas¹,

Jones²,

Whitworth-Turner³

et al. 2021

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

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Purpose: (1) To compare the sleep of female players from a professional soccer team to nonathlete controls across an in-season week and (2) to compare the sleep of core and fringe players from the same team on the night after a match to training nights. Methods: Using an observational design, 18 professional female soccer players and 18 female nonathlete controls were monitored for their sleep via wristwatch actigraphy across 1 week. Independent-sample t tests and Mann–Whitney U tests were performed to compare sleep between groups, while an analysis of variance compared sleep on training nights to the night after a match. Results: Soccer players had significantly greater sleep duration than nonathlete controls (+38 min; P = .009; d: 0.92), which may have resulted from an earlier bedtime (−00:31 h:min; P = .047; d: 0.70). The soccer players also had less intraindividual variation in bedtime than nonathletes (−00:08 h:min; P = .023; r: .38). Despite this, sleep-onset latency was significantly longer among soccer players (+8 min; P = .032; d: 0.78). On the night after a match, sleep duration of core players was significantly lower than on training nights (−49 min; P = .010; d: 0.77). In fringe players, there was no significant difference between nights for any sleep characteristic. Conclusions: During the in-season period, sleep duration of professional female soccer players is greater than nonathlete controls. However, the night after a match challenges the sleep of players with more match involvement and warrants priority of sleep hygiene strategies.

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“…Based on a previous study (Aloulou et al, 2019), we estimated that a sample size of 12 subjects would allow us to detect differences in MVIC after a simulated trail with power (1β) set at 0.80, a large effect size (>0.8) and an alpha of 0.05. Post-hoc power analysis revealed that this study was adequately powered, with actual power (1β) > 0.90 (G * Power program version 3.1.9.7).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For each experimental condition, participants completed a simulated trail adapted from Aloulou et al (2019). The exercise lasted 48 min with five 9-min blocks and was shown to elicit a significant level of fatigue and muscle damage until 48 h after exercise (Aloulou et al, 2019). Heart rate (HR) was measured throughout the exercise.…”

Section: Simulated Trailmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Depth of Cold Water Immersion on Sleep Architecture and Recovery Among Well-Trained Male Endurance Runners

Chauvineau

Pasquier

Guyot

et al. 2021

Front. Sports Act. Living

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Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the depth of cold water immersion (CWI) (whole-body with head immersed and partial-body CWI) after high-intensity, intermittent running exercise on sleep architecture and recovery kinetics among well-trained runners.Methods: In a randomized, counterbalanced order, 12 well-trained male endurance runners (V.O2max = 66.0 ± 3.9 ml·min−1·kg−1) performed a simulated trail (≈18:00) on a motorized treadmill followed by CWI (13.3 ± 0.2°C) for 10 min: whole-body immersion including the head (WHOLE; n = 12), partial-body immersion up to the iliac crest (PARTIAL; n = 12), and, finally, an out-of-water control condition (CONT; n = 10). Markers of fatigue and muscle damage—maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), countermovement jump (CMJ), plasma creatine kinase [CK], and subjective ratings—were recorded until 48 h after the simulated trail. After each condition, nocturnal core body temperature (Tcore) was measured, whereas sleep and heart rate variability were assessed using polysomnography.Results: There was a lower Tcore induced by WHOLE than CONT from the end of immersion to 80 min after the start of immersion (p < 0.05). Slow-wave sleep (SWS) proportion was higher (p < 0.05) during the first 180 min of the night in WHOLE compared with PARTIAL. WHOLE and PARTIAL induced a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in arousal for the duration of the night compared with CONT, while only WHOLE decreased limb movements compared with CONT (p < 0.01) for the duration of the night. Heart rate variability analysis showed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in RMSSD, low frequency (LF), and high frequency (HF) in WHOLE compared with both PARTIAL and CONT during the first sequence of SWS. No differences between conditions were observed for any markers of fatigue and muscle damage (p > 0.05) throughout the 48-h recovery period.Conclusion: WHOLE reduced arousal and limb movement and enhanced SWS proportion during the first part of the night, which may be particularly useful in the athlete's recovery process after exercise. Future studies are, however, required to assess whether such positive sleep outcomes may result in overall recovery optimization.

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The effect of night‐time exercise on sleep architecture among well‐trained male endurance runners

Cited by 22 publications

References 39 publications

Waking experience modulates sleep need in mice

Waking experience modulates sleep need in mice

A Sleep Analysis of Elite Female Soccer Players During a Competition Week

Effect of the Depth of Cold Water Immersion on Sleep Architecture and Recovery Among Well-Trained Male Endurance Runners

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