The Effect of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy on HNP1-3 Level in Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Chronic Periodontitis Patients

Abstract

The rich bacterial flora of oral cavity is controlled by innate immune response, including antibacterial peptides and among them human neutrophil peptides 1–3 (HNP1-3). The knowledge of the involvement of HNPs in innate and acquired immunity of the periodontium is fragmentary. The aim of the study was to assess alterations in HNP1-3 levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of chronic periodontitis patients before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Nineteen patients with chronic periodontitis were qualified to the study. After periodontal examination, one site with pocket depth (PD) ≥4 mm was selected. All the patients received periodontal treatment involving scaling and root planing with additional systemic antibiotic therapy (Amoxicillin 375 mg three times daily and Metronidazole 250 mg three times daily for 7 days). Prior to therapy, 3 and 6 months after it, clinical periodontal parameters were measured and GCF was collected from previously chosen site. The level of HNP1-3 in GCF was determined by means of a commercially available enzyme-linked immunoassay kit. The periodontal therapy caused a statistically significant (p < 0.001) decrease in all the assessed clinical parameters at the sites of sample collection except for bleeding on probing. The level of HNP1-3 per measure point showed a statistically significant increase (baseline—3 months: p = 0.05, baseline—6 months: p = 0.007). Within the limits of the study, it can be stated that nonsurgical periodontal therapy with additional systemic administration of Amoxicillin and Metronidazole increases the level of HNP1-3 in GCF.

Smoking reduces cathelicidin LL‐37 and human neutrophil peptide 1–3 levels in the gingival crevicular fluid of patients with periodontitis

“…found higher levels of HNP 1‒3 in GCF of healthy sites, but without statistical significance. HNP 1‒3 was increased in the GCF of chronic periodontitis patients after non‐surgical periodontal therapy associated with systemic antibiotic administration, 43 which supports a possible role for HNP 1‒3 in the repair/resolution process. In the present study, no significant correlation was detected between GCF levels of HNP1‒3 and the clinical parameters PD and CAL.…”

Amoxicillin/Metronidazole Dose Impact as an Adjunctive Therapy for stage II - III grade C Periodontitis (Aggressive Periodontitis) at 3- And 6-Month Follow-Ups: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…During the last phase, 6 articles remained for quantitative synthesis [14,32,35,36,48,49]. In this stage, 23 articles were excluded because of incompatibility of the follow-up times [50,51] not having a control group [33,34,36,52,53] retrospective design [31], non-English full-texts [54][55][56][57][58], not reporting the data in the form of mean (SD) [59][60][61], not assessing the clinical parameters [62][63][64][65], evaluation of SRP without antibiotic therapy, antibiotic therapy with surgery [66], studies using the same data pools [20], and not performing SRP alone as the control group [15]. Thus, a total of 6 studies related to AMX/MET therapy plus SRP as nonsurgical therapy for the management of AgP were evaluated and analysed for quality and heterogeneity assessment.…”

Palaeoproteomic investigation of an ancient human skeleton with abnormal deposition of dental calculus

“…Among the assigned protein class, 13.9% represented the “defense/immunity.” Among the proteins categorized in this class, peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 was one of the innate immune system proteins and functions to directly kill bacteria by recognizing and cleaving peptidoglycans on the bacterial wall 39 . Neutrophil elastase is among the antimicrobial peptides abundant in the saliva and gingival crevicular fluid in the oral cavity and is involved in local defense mechanisms 40 .…”