The effect of opening windows on the airflow distribution inside naturally ventilated residential bedrooms with ceiling fans

Abstract

Ceiling fans are the most common equipment in any household with electricity to induce a higher air movement since the potential of natural ventilation is limited. However, the higher airflow region is generally limited to the zone below the fan. The non-uniform distribution of airflow is also affected by the furniture layout and airflow from window openings. This study attempts to evaluate the effect of the different window-opening patterns on the airflow inside naturally ventilated bedrooms, having a ceiling fan for air movement with numerical simulations and on-site measurements. The airflow pattern created by a ceiling fan in a room with furniture is modelled and simulated with ANSYS Fluent 2019 R3. The results were validated with on-site measurements and compared with the literature. The air velocity was measured in bedrooms of three different sizes. It was observed that the opening of windows created a better distribution of air irrespective of room size. The non-uniformity of the air velocity is reduced from 76% to 39% with the opening of windows in the larger-sized room. The reduction in non-uniformity is influenced by the location of windows also. The practice of opening windows along with the induced air movement by ceiling fans results in a better distribution of air in the space. Practical application: People tend to depend mainly on ceiling fans even if windows are open in naturally ventilated rooms. A study of patterns of non-uniform distribution of airflow can help designers to improve comfort conditions by specifying the number and location of fans and windows while designing room furniture layout. This aids the building services engineers to provide thermal comfort without always depending on alternative active ventilation strategies.

Effect of ceiling fan in mitigating exposure to airborne pathogens and COVID-19

“…The ceiling fan could also enhance the window opening efficiency. 98 In spite of being ubiquitous in every household, the influence of the ceiling fan on the airborne transmission and the tradeoffs between ventilation rate and ceiling fan speeds with regard to airborne transmission is not clear.…”

Investigations of Thermal Comfort and Air Flow Distribution in Naturally Ventilated Living Room With a Ceiling Fan

“…Regularly opening windows and utilizing ceiling fans to generate air movement can improve the air distribution in the room. Designers can raise comfort levels by considering patterns of non-uniform airflow when deciding the number and location of fans and windows [12].…”