The Effect of Operating Lamps on the Protected Area of a Unidirectional Down Flow (UDF) System

Traversari, A.A.L.; Bottenheft, Charelle; Louman, R.; Heumen, S.P.M. van; Böggemann, J.

doi:10.1177/1937586716671292

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, the impact of the surgical lights' tilt angles (0 , 15 , and 30 ) on the RTs was evaluated. A significant difference was observed between the two lights for all three tilt angles, which was already assumed by others (Traversari, 2017). The 0 -position represented the worst condition for both lights in the UDF ventilation system, even though the significantly different RTs (1.7 + 0.2 vs. 1.3 + 0.1 min) appeared negligible.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Moreover, it should be acknowledged that the rapid elimination of hazardous substances is fundamentally impaired below the surgical lights. Depending on their size, structure acerbity, surface temperature, and so on, the surgical lights transform the laminar flow into a more turbulent mixed flow (MDF) and limit the protective effect of the UDF system for the personnel as well as the patient locally in the center of the protected area (Aganovic et al, 2017;Refaie et al, 2017;Traversari et al, 2017;Zoon et al, 2010). From a metrological point of view and according to ISO 14644-3 the recovery time ([RT] or recovery rate, alternatively) must be used to validate the protective function in the turbulent local spaces underneath the surgical lights.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have investigated the impact of surgical lights on the protective effect of UDF systems by means of air velocity, degree of turbulence (Aganovic et al, 2017;Chow et al, 2006), or other noninternationally standardized methods (Chow et al, 2006;Kai et al, 2019;McNeill et al, 2013;Refaie et al, 2017;Traversari et al, 2017;Zoon et al, 2010). However, these parameters do not permit a quantification of the UDF's protective effect in the locally turbulent environment; for this reason, the results of the uniformity of velocity (calculated by the degree of turbulence) and subsequent testing of the RT were necessary.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Infection Prevention and the Protective Effects of Unidirectional Displacement Flow Ventilation in the Turbulent Spaces of the Operating Room

Ziegler,

Seipp,

Steffens

et al. 2024

HERD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Unidirectional displacement flow (UDF) ventilation systems in operating rooms are characterized by a uniformity of velocity ≥80% and protect patients and operating room personnel against exposure to hazardous substances. However, the air below the surgical lights and in the surrounding zone is turbulent, which impairs the ventilation system’s effect. Aim: We first used the recovery time (RT) as specified in International Organization for Standardization 14644 to determine the particle reduction capacity in the turbulent spaces of an operating room with a UDF system. Methods: The uniformity of velocity was analyzed by comfort-level probe grid measurements in the protected area below a hemispherical closed-shaped and a semi-open column-shaped surgical light (tilt angles: 0°/15°/30°) and in the surrounding zone of a research operating room. Thereafter, RTs were calculated. Results: At a supply air volume of 10,500 m3/h, the velocity, reported as average uniformity ± standard deviation, was uniform in the protected area without lights (95.8% ± 1.7%), but locally turbulent below the hemispherical closed-shaped (69.3% ± 14.6%), the semi-open column-shaped light (66.9% ± 10.9%), and in the surrounding zone (51.5% ± 17.6%). The RTs ranged between 1.1 and 1.7 min below the lights and 3.5 ± 0.28 min in the surrounding zone and depended exponentially on the volume flow rate. Conclusions: Compared to an RT of ≤20 min as required for operating rooms with mixed dilution flow, particles here were eliminated 12–18 times more quickly from below the surgical lights and 5.7 times from the surrounding zone. Thus, the effect of the lights was negligible and the UDF’s retained its strong protective effect.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Infection Prevention and the Protective Effects of Unidirectional Displacement Flow Ventilation in the Turbulent Spaces of the Operating Room

Ziegler,

Seipp,

Steffens

et al. 2024

HERD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Third, each system is calculated without taken into account other known parameters reported to affect the ventilation effectiveness. There may be locations where clean air out of the OR ventilation system does not reach the ultra-clean area because of position of air inlets, characteristics of air inlet diffusers, temperature differences between supply and room air, placement of exhausts, obstructions to airflow, air rising from heat sources, surgical lights [39] and room geometry [40,41] . These variables can influence the airflow patterns within the ultraclean area and reduce the amount of ultra-clean air that reaches the ultra-clean area.…”

Section: J O U R N a L P R E -P R O O Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operating room ventilation systems: recovery degree, cleanliness recovery rate and air change effectiveness in an ultra-clean area

Lans

Mathijssen

Bode

et al. 2022

Journal of Hospital Infection

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

show abstract

“…Ten articles (67%) evaluated the effect of the placement and configuration of lights in the OR on airflow and infection related outcomes. [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Additionally, many articles studied more than one aspect of surgical lights; six articles examined the shape and type of lights, 36,[40][41][42][43][44] three articles observed the impacts of light heat generation, 31,32,41 and two articles studied the lights with respect to infections and contamination. 36,45 Modeling and simulation studies were leveraged to study multiple lighting scenarios and the empirical studies on lights utilized data from ORs to better understand real-world implications of lights on airflow and infection.…”

Section: Operating Room Lightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Built Environment on Airflow, Contamination, and Infection in the Operating Room: A Systematic Literature Review

Klimkiewicz

Gallagher

Lambrou

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundHealthcare-associated infections (HAIs) constitute a significant financial strain on healthcare systems across the world, with surgical site infections (SSIs) being the costliest form. Despite the existence of diverse sources of infection in the operating room (OR), current literature focuses on human and procedural sources of contamination that could lead to an infection. Comparatively, the OR built environment is understudied as a potential disease transmission interface between the environment, patients, and surgical staff. This systematic literature review aims to investigate how the physical characteristics and components of the built environment impact airflow, infection risk, aerosols, particle counts, contamination, and pathogens in operating rooms.Methods and FindingsLiterature searches were conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science Core Collection databases on December 21, 2020, ultimately retrieving 2,965 articles after duplicates were removed. During abstract screening, all abstracts were independently reviewed by two authors and conflicts were resolved by a third author. All articles published since January 1, 2010, that reported primary data investigating an aspect of the built environment inside an OR in relation to airflow, contamination, and/or infection for which the full text in English was available were included. This resulted in the inclusion of 138 articles, which includes studies conducted in ORs during active surgeries, computer modeling studies, and simulations in which a real OR was used for a mock surgical procedure. Six major built environment categories were identified based on the collected literature: OR layout, disinfection systems, surgical lights, doors, ventilation, and portable airflow devices. A survey created on Qualtrics software was used to record the aspect of the built environment and the outcome of each study, as well as the relationship between the two.ConclusionsWhile OR ventilation has been studied extensively, the OR built environment as a whole is understudied in relation to airflow, contamination, and infection. The current literature is inconsistent in both its findings and subsequent recommendations, making it difficult to inform hospital design in the context of SSIs. No articles were identified that discussed respiratory infection transmission in the OR, and very few addressed healthcare worker (HCW) safety in relation to the OR built environment. The significant discrepancies in the literature identified in this review highlight the need for future studies that assess the quality and bias of these studies before firm recommendations can be made. Future work should also focus on addressing the lack information regarding respiratory infection transmission in the OR, especially in the context of HCW safety.

show abstract

The Effect of Operating Lamps on the Protected Area of a Unidirectional Down Flow (UDF) System

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Infection Prevention and the Protective Effects of Unidirectional Displacement Flow Ventilation in the Turbulent Spaces of the Operating Room

Infection Prevention and the Protective Effects of Unidirectional Displacement Flow Ventilation in the Turbulent Spaces of the Operating Room

Operating room ventilation systems: recovery degree, cleanliness recovery rate and air change effectiveness in an ultra-clean area

Influence of the Built Environment on Airflow, Contamination, and Infection in the Operating Room: A Systematic Literature Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About