The effect of oral evening primrose oil on menopausal hot flashes: a randomized clinical trial

Farzaneh, Farah; Fatehi, S.; Sohrabi, Mohammad‐Reza; Alizadeh, Kamyab

doi:10.1007/s00404-013-2852-6

Cited by 54 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In a trial on effect of evening primrose oil on hot flashes, frequency of hot flash decreased from 5.2±1.9 to 3.2±1.8 in the evening primrose and from 5.4±1.9 to 3.7±20 in placebo group ( 27 ). The severity of hot flash reduction was greater than placebo group, but, the difference between groups was not significant (p=0.23).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The efficacy of Iranian herbal medicines in alleviating hot flashes: A systematic review

Ghazanfarpour

Sadeghi

Abdolahian

et al. 2016

IJRM

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The efficacy of Iranian herbal medicines in alleviating hot flashes: A systematic review

Ghazanfarpour

Sadeghi

Abdolahian

et al. 2016

IJRM

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“…17 ). In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial (56 menopausal women), a significant improvement in the severity of menopausal hot flashes was reported in the evening primrose (500 mg/day, 6 weeks) group ( Farzaneh et al, 2013 ). A systematic review of evening primrose oil for menopausal symptoms suggests that although the herb is well tolerated, efficacy is not clinically significant ( Bayles and Usatine, 2009 ).…”

Section: Botanicals Used By Menopausal Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women’s Health

et al. 2016

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Botanical dietary supplements are increasingly popular for women’s health, particularly for older women. The specific botanicals women take vary as a function of age. Younger women will use botanicals for urinary tract infections, especially Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry), where there is evidence for efficacy. Botanical dietary supplements for premenstrual syndrome (PMS) are less commonly used, and rigorous clinical trials have not been done. Some examples include Vitex agnus-castus (chasteberry), Angelica sinensis (dong quai), Viburnum opulus/prunifolium (cramp bark and black haw), and Zingiber officinale (ginger). Pregnant women have also used ginger for relief from nausea. Natural galactagogues for lactating women include Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) and Silybum marianum (milk thistle); however, rigorous safety and efficacy studies are lacking. Older women suffering menopausal symptoms are increasingly likely to use botanicals, especially since the Women’s Health Initiative showed an increased risk for breast cancer associated with traditional hormone therapy. Serotonergic mechanisms similar to antidepressants have been proposed for Actaea/Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh) and Valeriana officinalis (valerian). Plant extracts with estrogenic activities for menopausal symptom relief include Glycine max (soy), Trifolium pratense (red clover), Pueraria lobata (kudzu), Humulus lupulus (hops), Glycyrrhiza species (licorice), Rheum rhaponticum (rhubarb), Vitex agnus-castus (chasteberry), Linum usitatissimum (flaxseed), Epimedium species (herba Epimedii, horny goat weed), and Medicago sativa (alfalfa). Some of the estrogenic botanicals have also been shown to have protective effects against osteoporosis. Several of these botanicals could have additional breast cancer preventive effects linked to hormonal, chemical, inflammatory, and/or epigenetic pathways. Finally, although botanicals are perceived as natural safe remedies, it is important for women and their healthcare providers to realize that they have not been rigorously tested for potential toxic effects and/or drug/botanical interactions. Understanding the mechanism of action of these supplements used for women’s health will ultimately lead to standardized botanical products with higher efficacy, safety, and chemopreventive properties.

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“…Additionally, EPR oil was considered to reduce the severity of cyclical mastalgia, a state that is caused mainly by hormonal imbalance in premenopausal women (93). Oral administration of EPR oil was also reported to have an effect against menopausal hot flashes (94). In addition, one study demonstrated that dietary-EPR oil modifies the nociceptive reaction and symptoms accompanying intermittent cold stress and reduces inflammation (88).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evening Primrose Oil Ameliorates Hyperleptinemia and Reproductive Hormone Disturbances in Obese Female Rats: Impact on Estrus Cyclicity

et al. 2020

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Obesity is a public health burden disturbing all body functions and reproductive hormones. As obesity increases among females, there will be a rising challenge to physicians in care from fertility problems. Evening primrose oil (EPR oil) contains essential fatty acids including omega-6 linoleic acid with strong anti-inflammatory activity.Since EPR oil has utility in alleviating dysmenorrhea, this study aimed to ascertain its modulatory effect on systemic inflammation, reproductive hormones and estrus cycle irregularity in female obese rats. Thirty-two female rats were distributed to 4 groups: (i) normal, (ii) dietary obese-control female rats, and (iii and iv) dietary obese female rats treated with EPR oil (5 or 10 g/kg). Rats were examined for estrus regularity by taking vaginal smears daily during the last 2 weeks of the experiment. Serum level of insulin, leptin, adiponectin, and inflammatory cytokines was measured. In addition, serum lipid profile, and liver enzyme activities were estimated. Adipose tissues were taken for histopathologic examination as well as determination of gene expression for leptin, leptin receptors, adiponectin, and visfatin. Obese rats exhibited significant weight gain (90.69 ± 8.9), irregular prolonged estrus cycles (83.33%), increased serum levels of insulin, leptin, prolactin and testosterone and decreased gonadotropin levels. EPR oil exhibited a curative effect on obesity-related irregularity in estrus cycle and ovarian pathology. The underlying molecular mechanism may be related to reduction of systemic inflammation, alleviating insulin resistance and modulation of adipokine expression. EPR oil may be considered as a promising therapeutic intervention against obesity-related female hormonal disturbances and estrus irregularity.

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The effect of oral evening primrose oil on menopausal hot flashes: a randomized clinical trial

Abstract: The application of oral evening primrose oil compared with placebo for controlling hot flashes may decrease more the intensity of attacks as well as ameliorating the HFRDIS score.

Cited by 54 publications

References 27 publications

The efficacy of Iranian herbal medicines in alleviating hot flashes: A systematic review

The efficacy of Iranian herbal medicines in alleviating hot flashes: A systematic review

Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women’s Health

Evening Primrose Oil Ameliorates Hyperleptinemia and Reproductive Hormone Disturbances in Obese Female Rats: Impact on Estrus Cyclicity

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