The effect of P2O5 on the crystallization and microstructure of glass-ceramics in the SiO2–Li2O–K2O–ZnO–P2O5 system

Synthesis and properties of lithium disilicate glass-ceramics in the system SiO2–Al2O3–K2O–Li2O

“…As it has been thoroughly presented in Section 1, in dentistry, much effort has been addressed at developing LDbased GCs in the recent years [1,2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Nucleation and crystallization of LD are optimally favoured with 1.5-2.5 mol% P 2 O 5 [22,23,31], resulting in fine-grained interlocking microstructures of high mechanical strength.…”

“…Nucleation and crystallization of LD are optimally favoured with 1.5-2.5 mol% P 2 O 5 [22,23,31], resulting in fine-grained interlocking microstructures of high mechanical strength. The present work attempted a novel approach for producing LD-based GCs via sintering and crystallization of glasses in the quaternary SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -K 2 O-Li 2 O system with no addition of nucleating agents.…”

“…Introduction of SiO 2 -excess to stoichiometric LD-glass along with additives, such as ZrO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZnO, CaO, K 2 O, and P 2 O 5 , has been suggested by for developing LD GCs for various applications. Later, P 2 O 5 was found to play a crucial role in LD transformation and crystallization [22,23]. P 2 O 5 (as nucleating agent) at the amount of 1.5-2.5 mol% resulted in GCs with fine-grained interlocking microstructures, conferring the final products with high mechanical strength.…”

Investigation of Indentation Fracture Toughness (KIC) and Weibull Parameters of 0.25Li2O.2SiO2-0.75BaO.2SiO2 Glass-Ceramic

“…In contrast to Höland et al's study [11] where no Li 2 O.2SiO 2 crystals formed in a range of 590-750°C, the present study showed that after 720°C Li 2 O.2SiO 2 crystals were present. Lithium disilicate crystals had an elongated shape in c-axis with aspect ratios from 2 to 6 in the study of Cramer et al [12] EDS analysis results corresponding to the samples heat treated at 720°C, confirmed that two distinct phases belong to Li 2 O.2SiO 2 and BaO.2SiO 2 phases. After heat treatment at the highest crystallization temperature,i.e 800°C, the microstructure became finer and a complete mixture of both phases was achieved as shown in Fig.…”

Characterisation and Properties of Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramics in the SiO2-Li2O-K2O-Al2O3System for Dental Applications

“…Several constituents, for example, ZnO, ZrO 2 , CaO, and P 2 O 5, were introduced to improve the properties of the final material [4,[17][18][19][20]. Also, it is noted that P 2 O 5 as a nucleating agent plays an important role in phase formation and crystallization for lithium disilicate glass ceramic [16,21,22]. For that reason, a slight P 2 O 5 content in glass composition could produce a fine-grained interlocking microstructure resulting in high mechanical strength [21].…”