The effect of parabens in a mouthwash and incorporated into a sustained release varnish on salivary bacteria

Steinberg, Doron; Hirschfeld, Z; Tayeb, Ihsan T.; Ben-Yosef, S; David, Arlette; Friedman, Michael

doi:10.1016/s0300-5712(98)00040-2

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…[39] Both the preservatives were used at a much lower concentration than what was found to inhibit oral bacteria. [40414243] Literature suggests that both neem and mango stick extracts have slightly acidic pH, but the pH is lesser than the tooth critical pH. [1317] The preservative methyl paraben is effective in a wide range of pH (4-8), while sodium benzoate is most effective at pH 4-4.5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Two Herbal Mouthwashes on Gingival Health of School Children

Sharma

Hebbal

Ankola

et al. 2014

Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine

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This study aimed at determining the effect of indigenously prepared neem and mango chewing stick mouthwashes on plaque and gingival indices. A sample of 105 children aged 12-15 years was randomized into three groups, namely neem, mango, and chlorhexidine mouthwash groups. All the children were examined at baseline and gingival and plaque indices were recorded. Baseline scores for plaque and gingivitis were fair and moderate, respectively, in all the three groups and there existed no statistically significant difference among them. Ten millilitres each of herbal and chlorhexidine mouthwashes (0.2%) were administered according to the group allocation twice daily for 21 days. Indices were reassessed at 21 days (immediately after intervention) and at 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months after discontinuing the mouthwashes. Statistically significant reduction (P < 0.001) in plaque index was found in all the three mouthwash groups at 21 days and at 1 month from discontinuing the mouthwash. Chlorhexidine additionally showed statistically significant reduction in plaque index at 2 months from discontinuing the mouthwash. Statistically significant reduction (P < 0.001) in gingival index was found in all the three mouthwash groups at 21 days (immediately after discontinuing the mouthwash) and at 1 and 2 months from discontinuing the mouthwash. To conclude, all the three mouthwashes were effective antiplaque and antigingivitis agents. Chlorhexidine and neem possess equivalent efficacy in reducing plaque, while chlorhexidine has superior antigingivitis properties.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Two Herbal Mouthwashes on Gingival Health of School Children

Sharma

Hebbal

Ankola

et al. 2014

Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine

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“…Besides being vehicles for the delivery of active compounds in the treatment of specific problems, mouthrinses have been used in the chemical control of dental plaque biofilm to complement mechanical procedures (1,4,10,16,24,26). In general, their basic composition is not complex -a vehicle (water, alcohol or glycerin), flavoring agents, surfactant agents and colorants; the differential characteristic of these products is the incorporation of antimicrobial substances, associated or not with fluoride compounds (1,4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial efficacy of Curcuma zedoaria extract as assessed by linear regression compared with commercial mouthrinses

Bugno¹,

Nicoletti²,

Almodóvar³

et al. 2007

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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The antimicrobial activity of Curcuma zedoaria (Christm) Roscoe extract against some oral microorganisms was compared with the antimicrobial activity of five commercial mouthrinses in order to evaluate the potential of the plant extract to be incorporated into formulas for improving or creating antiseptic activity. The in vitro antimicrobial efficacy of plant extracts and commercial products were evaluated against Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans using a linear regression method to evaluate the microbial reduction obtained in function of the exposure time, considering as effectiveness a 99.999% reduction in count of standardized microbial populations within 60 seconds. The results showed that the antimicrobial efficacy of Curcuma zedoaria (Christm) Roscoe extract was similar to that of commercial products, and its incorporation into a mouthrinse could be an alternative for improving the antimicrobial efficacy of the oral product.

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“…Parabens have been demonstrated as a good preservation agent in different dosage forms (Młynarczyk et al, 2008;Doron et al, 2001;Steinberg et al, 1999;Zani et al, 1997). For methylparaben the MIC has been reported in the range of 0.05-0.2% (w/v) (Sandler, 2009;Scott and Gorman, 1992;Aalto et al, 1953); assuming it to be 0.1% (w/v) the concentrations of free methylparaben were calculated in a 5% (w/v) HPβCD solution as described in the theoretical section, see Fig.…”

Section: Prediction Of the Antimicrobial Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%