The Effect of Particle Dilution on Wetting Efficiency and Liquid Film Thickness in Small Trickle Beds

Tsamatsoulis, D.; Al‐Dahhan, Muthanna H.; Larachi, Faı ̈çal; Nnakos, N. Papaya

doi:10.1080/00986440108912855

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…From existing experimental data in the same reactor and corresponding experimental conditions [13,14], it is estimated that the minimum holdup in the system of this work is 0.5. By using this lowest expected value for liquid holdup (h L = 0.5), the wetting efficiency of the particle is estimated close to unity [15]. This means fully wetted catalyst particles even for the bed with the coarse-grained diluent.…”

Section: Catalyst Wetting Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The extent of catalyst wetting, which is defined as the ratio of the wetted surface of the catalytic particle to its whole external surface, is based on Tsamatsoulis et al [15]. There, a unified wetting factor was determined from both hot and cold experiments from different laboratories.…”

Section: Catalyst Wetting Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tsamatsoulis et al [15] compared wetting efficiencies extracted from cold and hot experiments conducted in different laboratories under various liquid flow rates. They proved that when referring to small trickle beds, as in our case, wetting efficiency of diluted and non-diluted beds can be related to mass liquid flow rate through liquid holdup and bed porosity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gas‐Liquid Mass Transfer in a Bench‐Scale Trickle Bed Reactor used for Benzene Hydrogenation

Metaxas¹,

Papayannakos²

2008

Chem Eng & Technol

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The gas-liquid mass transfer coefficients (MTCs) of a trickle bed reactor used for the study of benzene hydrogenation were investigated. The Ni/Al 2 O 3 catalyst bed was diluted with a coarse-grained inert carborundum (SiC) particle catalyst. Gasliquid mass transfer coefficients were estimated by using a heterogeneous model for reactor simulation, incorporating reaction kinetics, vapor-liquid equilibrium, and catalyst particle internal mass transfer apart from gas-liquid interface mass transfer. The effects of liquid axial dispersion and the catalyst wetting efficiency are shown to be negligible. Partial external mass transfer coefficients are correlated with gas superficial velocity, and comparison between them and those obtained from experiments conducted on a bed diluted with fine particles is also presented. On both sides of the gas-liquid interface the hydrogen mass transfer coefficient is higher than the corresponding benzene one and both increase significantly with gas velocity. The gas-side mass transfer limitations appear to be higher in the case of dilution with fine particles. On the liquid side, the mass transfer resistances are higher in the case of dilution with coarse inerts for gas velocities up to 3 · 10 -2 cm/sec, while for higher gas velocities this was inversed and higher mass transfer limitations were obtained for the beds diluted with fine inerts.

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Section: Catalyst Wetting Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Catalyst Wetting Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gas‐Liquid Mass Transfer in a Bench‐Scale Trickle Bed Reactor used for Benzene Hydrogenation

Metaxas¹,

Papayannakos²

2008

Chem Eng & Technol

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“…(1)Loading a tube with a mixture of catalyst and inert fines must be executed carefully [42]. (2) Diluting a catalyst bed with inert fines does not guarantee perfect wetting and decoupling of all hydrodynamic effects [43,44]. 3Appropriate pre-wetting of a trickle bed is an important precursor to fully wetted, reproducible operation.…”

Section: Wetting Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental principles of laboratory fixed bed reactor design

Hickman

Degenstein

Ribeiro

2016

Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering

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A few important, foundational principles enable more effective discovery and development of heterogeneous catalysts. Numerous experts have documented and illustrated these principles over the past several decades, but many current practitioners fail to heed their sage advice. We revisit the concepts, which we categorize as the bed-scale phenomena of isothermality, contacting pattern ideality, isobaricity, and wetting efficiency, and the particle-scale phenomena of internal and external temperature and concentration gradients. In addition, we introduce a new public domain, web-based tool for quickly estimating the magnitude of the effects of these phenomena. Our objective is to motivate and equip our colleagues to teach these principles and to apply sound reaction engineering practices in their laboratory work.

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“…The upflow case was reported to give rates similar to those achieved in commercial scale reactors. More recently, Tsamatsoulis et al (2001), concurred that dilution of catalyst particles with inert fines does not guarantee full external catalyst wetting at all superficial liquid flow rates. Letourneur et al (1998), also warned that more active catalysts might become gas-liquid transport-limited in small-scale reactors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of a batch recycle reactor and an integral reactor with fines for scale-up of an industrial trickle bed reactor from laboratory data

Hickman

Weidenbach²,

Friedhoff

2004

Chemical Engineering Science

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The Effect of Particle Dilution on Wetting Efficiency and Liquid Film Thickness in Small Trickle Beds

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Gas‐Liquid Mass Transfer in a Bench‐Scale Trickle Bed Reactor used for Benzene Hydrogenation

Gas‐Liquid Mass Transfer in a Bench‐Scale Trickle Bed Reactor used for Benzene Hydrogenation

Fundamental principles of laboratory fixed bed reactor design

A comparison of a batch recycle reactor and an integral reactor with fines for scale-up of an industrial trickle bed reactor from laboratory data

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