The effect of pH, aeration, and temperature on arachidonic acid synthesis by Mortierella alpina

Dedyukhina, E. G.; Chistyakova, T. I.; Mironov, A. A.; Kamzolova, Svetlana V.; Minkevich, I. G.; Vainshtein, Mikhail

doi:10.1134/s0003683815020040

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Similar dependence has been previously demonstrated for another M. alpina strain (LPM 301); the AA synthesis in M. alpina LPM 301 was completely inhibited at a pH of 3.0 and was not restored after a subsequent pH adjustment to a pH of 6.0 [33]. Therefore, it can be suggested that this phenomenon is a common regularity associated with the inhibition of the activity (or synthesis) of enzymes involved in the AA synthesis under acidic conditions.…”

Section: The Effect Of Phsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…It should be noted that the production of AA from glycerol-in contrast to that from glucose-is still limited by the lack of basic knowledge about the fermentation conditions that are essential for the overproduction of AA. Our previous study showed that the AA synthesis by the fungal strain, M. alpina LPM-301, was very sensitive to pH and was completely inhibited at a pH of 3.0 [33]. The question arose as to whether the extremely high sensitivity of the process of AA synthesis to acidic pH values is a specific feature of the individual fungal strain, or represents a common property of the AA producers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the basis of microorganisms grown on biodiesel-derived waste glycerol, researchers developed the method of production of 1,3-propanediol [16], biomass-enriched lipids [17][18][19][20][21], carbonic acids (in particular, pyruvic acid [22]), α-ketoglutaric acid [23,24], citric acid [16,25,26], and butanol [27]. However, few reports showed the satisfactory growth of fungi of the genera Mucor, Cunninghamella, Thamnidium, Zygorhynchus, and Mortierella, and similarly for lipid synthesis when cultivated on glycerol [15][16][17][18][19]21,[28][29][30][31][32][33]. We have previously shown that both pure glycerol and glycerol-containing wastes of biodiesel production can be successfully used for AA synthesis by selected M. alpina strains [20,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of pH and Temperature on Arachidonic Acid Production by Glycerol-Grown Mortierella alpina NRRL-A-10995

et al. 2018

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Arachidonic acid (AA) has a wide range of applications in medicine, pharmacology, diet, infant nutrition, and agriculture, due to its unique biological properties. The microbiological processes involved in AA production usually require carbohydrate substrates. In this paper, we propose a method for AA production from glycerol, an inexpensive and renewable carbon substrate that is produced by the fungal strain, Mortierella alpina NRRL-A-10995. Our experimental results showed that the optimum pH values required for fungal growth and the production of lipids and AA were different and depended on the growth phase of the fungus. The AA production was shown to be extremely sensitive to acidic pH values and was completely inhibited at a pH of 3.0. The optimum temperature for AA production was 20-22 • C. Continuous cultivation of M. alpina occurred in a glycerol-containing medium, and growth limitations were implemented through the addition of nitrogen and the selection of optimal conditions (pH 6.0, 20 • C). This ensured that active AA production occurred (25.2% of lipids and 3.1% of biomass), with the product yield from the consumed glycerol being 1.6% by mass and 3.4% by energy.

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Section: The Effect Of Phsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of pH and Temperature on Arachidonic Acid Production by Glycerol-Grown Mortierella alpina NRRL-A-10995

et al. 2018

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“…The fast growth of the mycelium can result in an apparent increase in broth viscosity. The mycelium can agglomerate easily and further decrease the efficiency of oxygen mass transfer [ 6 , 7 ]. Therefore, improving the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the fermentation process or increasing the utilization of dissolved oxygen is key to improving the yield of ARA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin enhances production of arachidonic acid and lipids in Mortierella alpina

et al. 2017

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BackgroundArachidonic acid (ARA, C20:4, n-6), which belongs to the omega-6 series of polyunsaturated fatty acids and has a variety of biological activities, is commercially produced in Mortierella alpina. Dissolved oxygen or oxygen utilization efficiency is a critical factor for Mortierella alpina growth and arachidonic acid production in large-scale fermentation. Overexpression of the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene is thought to significantly increase the oxygen utilization efficiency of the cells.ResultsAn optimized Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) gene was introduced into Mortierella alpina via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Compared with the parent strain, the VHb-expressing strain, termed VHb-20, grew faster under both limiting and non-limiting oxygen conditions and exhibited dramatic changes in cell morphology. Furthermore, VHb-20 produced 4- and 8-fold higher total lipid and ARA yields than those of the wild-type strain under a microaerobic environment. Furthermore, ARA production of VHb-20 was also 1.6-fold higher than that of the wild type under normal conditions. The results demonstrated that DO utilization was significantly increased by expressing the VHb gene in Mortierella alpina.ConclusionsThe expression of VHb enhances ARA and lipid production under both lower and normal dissolved oxygen conditions. This study provides a novel strategy and an engineered strain for the cost-efficient production of ARA.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12896-017-0388-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Arachidonic acid is a biologically active substance of many cyclic eicosanic acid derivatives, and it is a ubiquitous component in mammalian cells. It is primarily found in glycerolipids or glycerophospholipids [52][53]. It is not only a tetra-unsaturated fatty acid that is important for normal cell membrane fluidity but also plays other important biochemical roles, including as direct precursors of bioactive lipid mediators, such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rumen Microbiome and Its Metabolome Together With the Host Transcriptome Act to Regulate the Cold Season Adaptation Mechanism of Grazing Tibetan Sheep

Liu

Sha

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundTibetan sheep are important ruminants on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. They can maintain a normal life and reproduce in harsh environments under extreme cold and low oxygen. However, the molecular and metabolic mechanisms underlying the adaptability of Tibetan sheep during the cold season are still unclear. Hence, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of rumen epithelial morphology, epithelial transcriptomics, microbiology and metabolomics in a Tibetan sheep model to understand the interaction between the rumen host and microbiota and their metabolites and to explore the potential regulatory mechanism of Tibetan sheep adaptability to the cold season of the plateau. ResultsMorphological analysis showed that the ruminal muscle layer thickness and nipple width of Tibetan sheep increased significantly during the cold season ( P <0.05), and the thickness of the stratum corneum, stratum granulosa and stratum spinous of the rumen epithelium increased significantly ( P <0.05). Transcriptomics analysis showed that the differential genes were primarily enriched in the PPAR signaling pathway (ko03320), legionellosis (ko05134), phagosome (ko04145), arginine and proline metabolism (ko00330), and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 (ko00980). Unique differential metabolites were identified in cold season, such as cynaroside A, sanguisorbin B and tryptophyl-valine, which were mainly enriched in arachidonic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and linolenic acid metabolism pathways, and had certain correlation with microorganisms. Integrated transcriptome-metabolome-microbiome analysis showed that epithelial gene- GSTM3 expression was upregulated in the metabolism of xenobiotics by the cytochrome P450 pathway during the cold season, leading to the downregulation of some harmful metabolites; TLR5 gene expression was upregulated and CD14 gene expression was downregulated in the legionellosis pathway during the cold season. A large number of metabolites, such as glucosidic acid and vitamin A, were produced in the steroid hormone biosynthesis and retinol metabolism pathways. ConclusionThis study comprehensively described the interaction mechanism between the rumen host and microbes and their metabolites in grazing Tibetan sheep during the cold season. Under the stimulation of the cold plateau environment, the morphological structure of the rumen epithelium of Tibetan sheep undergoes adaptive changes. Rumen epithelial genes, microbiota and metabolites act together in some key pathways related to cold season adaptation.

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The effect of pH, aeration, and temperature on arachidonic acid synthesis by Mortierella alpina

Cited by 11 publications

References 23 publications

The Effect of pH and Temperature on Arachidonic Acid Production by Glycerol-Grown Mortierella alpina NRRL-A-10995

The Effect of pH and Temperature on Arachidonic Acid Production by Glycerol-Grown Mortierella alpina NRRL-A-10995

Expression of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin enhances production of arachidonic acid and lipids in Mortierella alpina

The Rumen Microbiome and Its Metabolome Together With the Host Transcriptome Act to Regulate the Cold Season Adaptation Mechanism of Grazing Tibetan Sheep

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