The effect of pituitrin on the fatty acid of the liver

Coope, Robert; Chamberlain, E. Noble

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1925.sp002221

Cited by 46 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This phenomenon is not of particular interest to us at the present time since it is elicited by injections of liver and pancreas extracts as well as by those from the anterior pituitary. The findings of Coope and Chamberlain [1925], which have been confirmed by Oshima [1929], Steppuhn et al [1929], Hynd and Rotter [1932], and White [1933], raise a very interesting point. These workers observed a deposition of liver fat when very large doses of posterior pituitary extracts were administered to rabbits and rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Anterior pituitary extracts and liver fat1

Best¹,

Campbell²

1936

The Journal of Physiology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Anterior pituitary extracts and liver fat1

Best¹,

Campbell²

1936

The Journal of Physiology

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“…The current opinion that adrenaline promotes liver glycogenolysis would be compatible with the results of the experiments, in which adrenaline was injected either before or after glucosone, the more satisfactory results in the former series being probably accounted for by the adrenaline having time to exert its action quickly enough. Similarly with pituitrin, the increase of inorganic phosphates in the blood noted by Bolliger and Hartman (47), and the fatty infiltration of the liver recently described by Coope (48), may be factors in explaining its effect on the action of glucosone. However, the complete explanation of the action of either adrenaline or pituitrin is not yet known, and further discussion of this question does not fall within the scope of the present paper.…”

Section: Action O F Glucosone On Normal Animals (Mice)mentioning

confidence: 77%

The action of glucosone on normal animals (mice) and its possible significance in metabolism

1927

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B.

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The almost simultaneous discovery by Emil Fischer (1) in Berlin and by Irvine, Fyfe and Hogg (2) at St. Andrews of the existence of reactive forms of sugars, coupled with the observations of Hewitt and Pryde (3) on the optical changes undergone by a sugar solution when introduced into a loop of living intestine, initiated the speculations of Winter and Smith (4, 5, 6) on the part played by the so-called “γ-glucose” in carbohydrate metabolism. The latter workers found that the optical activity and the copper-reducing power of a protein-free filtrate from normal blood were not compatible with the idea that the sugar present existed entirely as the ordinary equilibrium mixture of αβ-glucose. Having also observed that the fresh filtrate reduced potassium permanganate solution in the cold, they concluded that the glucose of normal blood exists in the unstable γ-form. Further, as the examination of the blood of diabetics pointed to their blood sugar being present as αβ-glucose, they suggested that the conversion of the relatively stable αβ-variety into the reactive γ-form was an essential step for utilisation of the sugar by the body cells and that this conversion was brought about by the action of insulin. These speculations unfortunately have not stood the test of later experiments (7, 8, 9), and though in 1923 Irvine (10), in the course of a review of the chemical evidence for the existence of a γ-form of glucose, pointed out the possibility that such a form may be produced in the body as an intermediary product during the glucose metabolism, he, in collaboration with Herring and Macleod (11), soon afterwards furnished experimental evidence against the theory of Winter and Smith, by showing that glucose monoacetone, a readily hydrolysable derivative of γ-glucose, is without action when administered in cases of insulin hypoglycæmia. More recently, however, the same idea, or one very similar, has been revived by Lundsgaard and Holboll (12, 13). They claim that when insulin and muscle tissue are added to a solution of ordinary a αβ-glucose, with a specific rotation of +52·5°, and the mixture incubated at 37°C., no change in reducing power takes place, but the optical rotatory value decreases to a new value varying from +15·9° to +42·2°, because of the formation of what they call “new” or “neo-glucose.” Insulin alone, or muscle tissue alone, does not produce the change, but the two factors, insulin and the active substance or principle in fresh finely minced muscle tissue, must act simultaneously (14).

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“…IN a recent paper, Coope and Chamberlain (1925) (1) showed that subcutaneous injections of pituitrin into rabbits resulted in fatty infiltration of the liver. Hitherto such infiltrations have usually been associated either with severe lesions of the liver cells, as in phosphorus and delayed chloroform poisoning, or with the persistent glycosuria of diabetes and phloridzin intoxication.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin and the pituitrin ‘fat liver’

Coope¹

1925

The Journal of Physiology

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(1924) (2) have shown that in depancreatised dogs also the effect on lipa3mia is very rapidly developed ("within a few hours"), although the effect on the liver-fat is not so prompt. This paper records experiments made to obtain more light on the interpretation of these facts, by investigating whether insulin modifies the action of pituitrin in producing fatty livers. As in the previous work, rabbits of various body and liver weights were used, with similar feeding and general management. Each separate batch of pituitrin used (Parke Davies and Co.) was tested to ensure that it was effective in producing a fatty liver. In each experiment with pituitrin plus insulin, 4 c.c. of pituitrin in gum solution were injected into the right flank of the animal, and at the same time 40 to 45 units of insulin (B.D.H.) in 6 c.c. of gum solution were injected into the opposite flank. The animals were allowed their usual food during the experimental period; if this happened to involve the night, they had little or no opportunity of feeding before they were killed early the following morning. Feeding or abstinence, however, made no obvious difference to the results. The animals were killed after times varying from 4 to 24 hours, and the fatty acid of the liver was estimated as in the previous work. They appeared to suffer no ill effects from the injections, and there were no symptoms of hypoglycaemia.

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The effect of pituitrin on the fatty acid of the liver

Cited by 46 publications

References 3 publications

Anterior pituitary extracts and liver fat1

Anterior pituitary extracts and liver fat1

The action of glucosone on normal animals (mice) and its possible significance in metabolism

Insulin and the pituitrin ‘fat liver’

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