The effect of postveraison water deficit on the phenolic composition and concentration of the Kékfrankos ( Vitis vinifera L.) berry

Abstract

The effect of moderate and severe water deficit was examined on berry skin phenolic concentration and composition of the Kékfrankos variety (Vitis vinifera L.). Moderate water stress induced higher concentration of anthocyanin derivatives compared to the non-stressed plants with, the exception of Cya-3-g. Concentrations of some anthocyanin derivatives (Mal-3-g and Peo-3-g) were also higher in the severely stressed berry skins than in the control berries. No differences were found between the stressed and the non-stressed plants in the case of Cya-3-g. Similarly, concentration of some flavonol components (ie. protocatechuic acid, gallic acid, vanillic acid, trans-resveratrol etc.) increased as a result of water deficit. On the other hand, others such as quercetin-3-glucuronide decreased as the water deficit increased. In general, water deficit had a great effect on grape phenolic concentration; however it can be modified by the changes in berry skin/flash ratio.

Impact of Environmental Factors on Stilbene Biosynthesis

“…Morus alba L. and Rheum undulatum L. accumulate the glucosylated stilbenes mulberroside A (a diglucoside of oxyresveratrol) and rhapontin (a monoglucoside of rhapontigenin, also known as rhaponticin) [87] ( Figure 5). Significant amounts of cisand trans-piceid are accumulated in grapevine, both constitutively [40,88,89] and in response to pathogen attack [90,91] and to environmental stresses such as UV light [88,[92][93][94], salinity [95], and drought [96,97]. Numerous glycosyltransferases that produce glucose esters of hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids accept a broad spectrum of structurally similar substrates [98].…”

Effects of gibberellin applications before flowering on the phenotype, ripening, and flavonoid compounds of Syrah grape berries

“…4c), indicating that flavanol accumulation in Syrah grape berries varies among vintages. In the current study, the low temperatures, 32 moderate drought conditions, 33 and substantial exposure 34 to sunshine in 2020 affected the accumulation of flavonols in grape berries. Similar to these results, two-way ANOVA revealed that GA 3 treatment time and concentration had no significant effect on the total non-anthocyanin flavonoid and flavonol concentrations in Syrah grape berries in the two consecutive years, but the effect of GA 3 treatment time and concentration on the accumulation of flavonols was inconsistent between 2019 and 2020 (Table 3).…”

“…1). Several reports revealed that low temperatures, 32 moderate drought conditions, 33 and an increase in sunshine hours 34 promote grape anthocyanin accumulation. In response to the GA 3 applications at 15 and 20 days before flowering, the accumulation of anthocyanins in Syrah grape berries increased as the GA 3 concentration increased (Fig.…”

Precision canopy management of the grapevine: early defoliation and girdling

“…The role of special canopy management techniques is increasing under extreme environmental conditions due to climate change. It is well known, that water deficit and high air temperature increase phenolic grape maturity, however sugar concentration become also high in the berries (Cohen et al, 2008(Cohen et al, , 2012De Orduna et al 2010;Villangó et al 2016). Therefore, the optimal use of different viticultural techniques (including canopy management) may help to balance fruit maturity (Poni et al, 2006;Palliotti et al 2014).…”