The Effect of Pre-enucleation Radiotherapy on Mitotic Activity of Choroidal and Ciliary Body Melanomas

Augsburger, James J.; Eagle, Ralph C.; Chiu, Mark T.; Shields, Jerry A.

doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(87)33240-3

Cited by 34 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…30 Ki-67 scores and mitotic activity were also found to be significantly lower in irradiated tumors. 31,32 We also noticed that the mitotic count is lower in irradiated tumors and that high numbers are associated with successful karyotyping in nonirradiated as well as in irradiated tumors. Alternatively, irradiated tumors may already have a lower mitotic count because smaller tumors are selected for radiation treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Radiation Treatment Affects Chromosome Testing in Uveal Melanoma

Doğrusöz

Kroes

Duinen

et al. 2015

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to determine whether radiation treatment induces chromosomal aberrations in uveal melanoma (UM) and to evaluate which tumor features determine success of karyotyping and FISH. METHODS.Material from 327 UM-containing enucleated eyes was submitted for karyotyping, while FISH for chromosome 3 was performed in 248 samples. Thirty-six UMs had previously undergone irradiation. Karyotypes were analyzed, and the success rate of karyotyping/FISH was evaluated and compared with clinicopathologic tumor characteristics and prior irradiation.RESULTS. Aberrations were observed in all chromosomes, with chromosomes 1, 3,6,8,13,15,16, and Y being altered in at least 15% of the tumors. Aberrations were more common and more complex in previously irradiated tumors (significant for chromosomes 5 [P ¼ 0.004] and 13 [P ¼ 0.04]). Karyotyping and FISH failed significantly more often in irradiated tumors (both P < 0.001). In nonirradiated cases, successful karyotyping was related to a large tumor prominence (P ¼ 0.004) and a high mitotic count (P ¼ 0.007). The success of FISH in these tumors was not associated with any of the studied parameters. In irradiated tumors, karyotyping succeeded more frequently in cases with a high mitotic count (P ¼ 0.03), whereas FISH was more often successful in tumors with a high mitotic count (P ¼ 0.001), a large diameter (P ¼ 0.009) and large prominence (P ¼ 0.008).CONCLUSIONS. Karyotyping and FISH are more often successful in UMs with features characteristic of high tumor aggressiveness, whereas prior irradiation leads to multiple chromosome aberrations and to unsuccessful tests. It will be interesting to determine whether other techniques can provide reliable information on the chromosome status of previously irradiated UMs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Radiation Treatment Affects Chromosome Testing in Uveal Melanoma

Doğrusöz

Kroes

Duinen

et al. 2015

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…Fournier et al [12] delivered 50 Gy to hamsters with Greene melanomas injected into their chambers, and there metastasis and mortality decreased compared with controls. For human uveal melanomas, a significant reduction in the proliferative activity/mitotic rate was found after preoperative irradiation with 8 [13] and 20 Gy [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Pre-Enucleation Irradiation on the Survival of Patients with Uveal Melanoma

Günalp¹,

Batıoğlu²

1998

Ophthalmologica

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The effect of pre-enucleation irradiation on the survival of patients with uveal melanoma was investigated in 140 patients. Of the patients, 42 received pre-enucleation cobalt external radiotherapy 2,000 cGy, in five fractions between 1981–1991. The control group consisted of 98 patients with uveal melanoma treated by enucleation alone between 1964 and 1994. The great majority of tumors in each group were confined to the choroid. The mean follow-up period was 58.3 months in the irradiated group and 61.6 months in the enucleation group. A comparison of the Kaplan-Meier survival curves of the patients managed by pre-enucleation irradiation and enucleation indicated no significant difference in survival between the groups. After 5 years of follow-up, the survival rates for the preoperatively irradiated group and the control group were, 86.5 and 86.8%, respectively. In both groups, women had a significantly better survival than men. It is more likely that pre-enucleation irradiation does not appear to improve survival in patients with uveal melanoma. The reason for this may be the micrometastases that occur before treatment.

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“…Studies on pre-operatively irradiated human melanoma cells in tissue culture substantiate that irradiation indeed decreases the attachment, growth and viability of melanoma cells in these cultures, while microscopic examination indicated a reduced mitotic activity [7,16,37,63]. No beneficial effect of pre-enucleation irradiation could, however, be observed in terms of better survival after pre-enucleation irradiation as compared with control groups [9,15,40].…”

Section: Histopathology Of Irradiated Melanomasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uveal melanoma: therapeutic consequences of doubling times and irradiation results; a review

Manschot

Strik

1992

Int Ophthalmol

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Thirty-six of 39 published calculated doubling times (Td's) of uveal melanomas appeared to be longer than 60 days. Metastatic death occurs 35-40 Td's after dissemination. The shortest interval between dissemination and metastatic death in individual patients may, therefore, be calculated as 35 x 60days = 6 years; the interval may extend to 80 years. This suggests, that local therapy cannot influence the survival data within the first 7 post-therapeutic years, because almost all metastatic deaths within these 7 years are due to pretreatment dissemination. For that reason, the published comparative survival analyses after various therapies have within this period failed to show statistically significant death rates differences.Microscopically viable melanoma tissue has been noted in 215 of 231 histopathologically studied irradiated uveal melanomas. Observed mitotic figures 4-6 years after irradiation indicate retained reproductive integrity. This constitutes a -by enucleation avoidable -incremental risk for post-irradiation exponential growth and dissemination. The risk cannot become statistically manifest before a -> 10-year follow-up period. Retained, generally poor, visual acuity in a small percentage of patients cannot balance the incremental risk/benefit ratio of irradiation. A few, at present justifiable, indications for radiotherapy on uveal melanomas are enumerated.

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The Effect of Pre-enucleation Radiotherapy on Mitotic Activity of Choroidal and Ciliary Body Melanomas

Cited by 34 publications

References 9 publications

Radiation Treatment Affects Chromosome Testing in Uveal Melanoma

Radiation Treatment Affects Chromosome Testing in Uveal Melanoma

Effect of Pre-Enucleation Irradiation on the Survival of Patients with Uveal Melanoma

Uveal melanoma: therapeutic consequences of doubling times and irradiation results; a review

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