The effect of pregnancy on meibomian gland, tear film, cornea and anterior segment parameters

Evaluation of the Effect of İnfection and İmmunity on the Tear Film by Scheimpflug-Placido Disc Topography- A Case Control Study

“…Baudouin et al suggested that a “vicious cycle of inflammation” is the leading risk factor for dry eye [35] . According to this “vicious cycle of inflammation”, autoimmunity in intrinsic factors and conjunctivitis in extrinsic factors [33] were evaluated as etiological factors. These etiological factors can be adapted as immunity (an intrinsic factor), which is the only effect caused by the vaccine in our study, and conditions that arise from the virus's binary effects on the ocular surface.…”

“…We compared these values between the groups. The device software also provides qualitative values, such as each breakup's localization [ 7 , 32 , 33 ]. After taking the participants’ NI-BUT measurements, we performed detailed slit-lamp and funduscopic examinations of all participants.…”

Topographic tear film trend and new parameters for non-invasive break up time test

“…Assisted by the videokeratoscope and the software specific to the device, the corneal topography device detects tear film stabilization and breakup based on the images that it obtains from the ocular surface at a rate of 25 film frames per second and determines the noninvasive first tear film break-up time (NIF-BUT) and average noninvasive tear film break-up time (NIAvg-BUT) values in terms of seconds. Additionally, the visual results generated by the device enable researchers to analyze breakup both quantitatively and qualitatively [15][16] . Parameters NIF-BUT and NIAvg-BUT generated automatically by the device; Average of the first three tear film break-up times (A3F-BUT) is calculated by adding the NIF-BUT value to the 2 nd break-up time value that has a difference of at most 1 second with the NIF-BUT value and to the 3 rd break-up time and then dividing the respective sum by 3.…”

“…The second version of the TBUT test is the noninvasive tear break-up time (NI-BUT) test, which has been developed based on advancements in computer and software systems and is performed with devices integrated into corneal topographic instruments or specialized only for this test [2,10,[12][13][14][15][16] . Numerous studies have been conducted on the NI-BUT test, and it has recently become very popular among ophthalmologists dealing with the ocular surface [7,10,[13][14][15][16] . The noncontact and noninvasive, dye-free, objective, and documentable features of the devices used in the NI-BUT test are perceived as the advantages of the test from the point of view of both the physician and the patient.…”

“…The noncontact and noninvasive, dye-free, objective, and documentable features of the devices used in the NI-BUT test are perceived as the advantages of the test from the point of view of both the physician and the patient. On the other hand, its high cost and lack of a standard cutoff value between devices used in the NI-BUT test because different measurement parameters are used and the devices are specific to different software are perceived as disadvantages [2,7,10,[13][14][15][16] . Given its abovementioned advantages and disadvantages, improving the NI-BUT test remains a hot topic among ocular surface researchers.…”