The effect of pressure boundary rupture rate on spontaneous ignition of pressurized hydrogen release

Xu, Boyang; Wen, Jennifer X.; Dembele, Siaka; Tam, V.H.Y.; Hawksworth, Stuart

doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2008.07.007

Cited by 82 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Numerical studies by Bazhenova et al [4], Liu et al [5], and Xu et al [6,7] were focused on unconfined release from high-pressure storage directly into the atmosphere. While spontaneous ignition for direct release into the atmosphere was predicted by numerical simulations, no experimental proof exists to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 2D analysis of pressure-boundary Nomenclature a speed of sound, m/s A r pre-exponential factor CFL CouranteFriedrichseLewy number C hydrogen concentration in a mixture, % by volume C j,r molar concentration of species j in reaction r C RNG RNG LES constant, C RNG ¼ 0.157 c p specific heat capacity of mixture at constant pressure, c p ¼ P m c p m Y m D diffusion coefficient, m 2 /s E total energy, J/kg, E ¼ h À p/r þ u 2 /2 E r activation energy for the reaction, J/kmol i n t e r n a t i o n a l j o u r n a l o f h y d r o g e n e n e r g y 3 8 ( 2 0 1 3 ) 8 0 3 9 e8 0 5 2 rupture rate on hydrogen spontaneous ignition during release through a 3 mm hole in a wall of 0.1 mm thickness directly to atmosphere was carried out in [7]. Characteristic cell sizes used were 15e30 mm across the contact surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pressure limit of hydrogen spontaneous ignition in a T-shaped channel

Bragin

Makarov

Molkov

2013

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Large eddy simulation Pressure relief device Eddy dissipation concept Detailed chemistry a b s t r a c t This paper describes a large eddy simulation model of hydrogen spontaneous ignition in a T-shaped channel filled with air following an inertial flat burst disk rupture. This is the first time when 3D simulations of the phenomenon are performed and reproduced experimental results by Golub et al. (2010). The eddy dissipation concept with a full hydrogen oxidation in air scheme is applied as a sub-grid scale combustion model to enable use of a comparatively coarse grid to undertake 3D simulations. The renormalization group theory is used for sub-grid scale turbulence modelling. Simulation results are compared against test data on hydrogen release into a T-shaped channel at pressure 1.2e2.9 MPa and helped to explain experimental observations. Transitional phenomena of hydrogen ignition and self-extinction at the lower pressure limit are simulated for a range of storage pressure. It is shown that there is no ignition at storage pressure of 1.35 MPa. Sudden release at pressure 1.65 MPa and 2.43 MPa has a localised spot ignition of a hydrogen-air mixture that quickly self-extinguishes. There is an ignition and development of combustion in a flammable mixture cocoon outside the T-shaped channel only at the highest simulated pressure of 2.9 MPa. Both simulated phenomena, i.e. the initiation of chemical reactions followed by the extinction, and the progressive development of combustion in the T-shape channel and outside, have provided an insight into interpretation of the experimental data. The model can be used as a tool for hydrogen safety engineering in particular for development of innovative pressure relief devices with controlled ignition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure limit of hydrogen spontaneous ignition in a T-shaped channel

Bragin

Makarov

Molkov

2013

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…It has been substantially modified by Wen and co-workers [19,[21][22][23][24] specifically for modeling spontaneous ignition in pressurized hydrogen releases. ALE method is adopted to treat separately convective and diffusion terms considering the substantial scale difference between diffusion and advection.…”

Section: Code Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the demanding conditions of high-pressure gas release required modifications of the code including utilization of second-order Crank-Nicolson scheme for diffusion terms and the terms associated with pressure wave propagation, 3 rd order TVD Runge-Kutta method for convection terms. For spatial differencing, the 5 th order upwind WENO scheme [30] [19,[21][22][23][24]. The scheme included third body reactions and reaction-rate pressure dependent "fall-off" behaviour.…”

Section: Code Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years one could observe an increased interest in hydrogen technologies and safety issues corresponding to them, including uncontrolled ignition during discharge into the air from high-pressure installations. Latest experimental [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] as well numerical [19][20][21][22][23][24] works focus mainly on the detailed description of the self-ignition mechanism according to different initial and boundary conditions including: extension channel geometry: diameter [4][5][6][7]19], length [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][20][21][22], cross-section shape [7,8,18,23] or obstacle presence in front of the hydrogen stream [18,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-ignition of hydrogen–nitrogen mixtures during high-pressure release into air

Rudy

Teodorczyk

Wen

2017

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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This paper demonstrates experimental and numerical study on spontaneous ignition of H 2 -N 2 mixtures during high-pressure release into the air through the tubes of various diameters and lengths. The mixtures included 5% and 10% (vol.) N 2 addition to hydrogen being at initial pressure in range of 4.3 -15.9 MPa. As a point of reference pure hydrogen release experiments were performed with use of the same experimental stand, experimental procedure and extension tubes. The results showed that N 2 addition may increase the initial pressure necessary to self-ignite the mixture as much as 2.12 or 2.85 -times for 5% and 10% N 2 addition respectively. Additionally, simulations were performed with use of Cantera code (0-D) based on the ideal shock tube assumption and with the modified KIVA3V code (2-D) to establish the main factors responsible for ignition and sustained combustion during the release.

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