The effect of PVDF‐TrFE scaffolds on stem cell derived cardiovascular cells

Cardiac tissue engineering aims to create cardiac tissue constructs that recapitulate the structure and function of the native heart. This approach has been widely used for creating myocardial implants for regenerative medicine, and more recently, for developing in vitro cardiotoxicity screening assays. However, once the engineered myocardial tissues are implanted or subjected to pharmacological stimuli, their performance should be monitored. Currently, there is no biomaterial that promotes functional tissues assembly while providing real‐time information about their function, in situ. In this study, the piezoelectric phenomenon is sought to be exploited, to measure the contractions generated by engineered cardiac tissues. A poly‐(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)‐based electrospun fiber scaffold is developed, and it is hypothesized that the contractions of cardiomyocytes in the scaffold will induce mechanical deformations, which will result in measurable electric voltage. The PVDF scaffolds are characterized and optimized for supporting formation of aligned, functional, cardiac tissues. The scaffolds' function is then validated as sensors for tissue contraction and it is demonstrated that they can sense contractions of tissues constructed from as few as 5 × 105 cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that human induced pluripotent stem cells can be directly seeded and differentiated to cardiomyocytes, and then mature over the course of 40 days on the PVDF fiber scaffolds.

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“…Stem cell derived cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells have been successfully cultured on PVDF-TrFE fibers before. [60] However, Adv. Mater.…”

Section: Differentiation and Maturation Of Human-induced Pluripotent mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospun Fibrous PVDF‐TrFe Scaffolds for Cardiac Tissue Engineering, Differentiation, and Maturation

Adadi

Yadid

Gal

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Technologies

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“…Degradation was apparent from week 4 and onwards, leading to the conclusion that the degradation ratio of the material is suitable for a large range of tissue engineering applications. Further, it was found that the degradation of the samples maintain the biocompatibility of the materials for the pristine polymer, but can lead to cytotoxic effects when the magnetic CFO nanoparticles are exposed, being therefore needed, for magnetoactive applications, to substitute them by biocompatible ferrites, such as an iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ).Polymers 2020, 12, 953 2 of 15In particular, smart polymers are gaining increasing attention as substrates and scaffolds for tissue engineering applications mainly as electroactive substrates-mostly piezoelectric ones-such as poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) [5,6], poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) [7], poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) [8,9] and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) [10,11], among others. The ability of those materials to actively enhance and stimulate cellular differentiation processes has been already proven [12,13], based on their mechano-transduction characteristics, generating voltage upon mechanical stimulation and vice-versa [14].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, smart polymers are gaining increasing attention as substrates and scaffolds for tissue engineering applications mainly as electroactive substrates-mostly piezoelectric ones-such as poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) [5,6], poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) [7], poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) [8,9] and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) [10,11], among others. The ability of those materials to actively enhance and stimulate cellular differentiation processes has been already proven [12,13], based on their mechano-transduction characteristics, generating voltage upon mechanical stimulation and vice-versa [14].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology Dependence Degradation of Electro- and Magnetoactive Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) for Tissue Engineering Applications

et al. 2020

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Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) is a piezoelectric biodegradable and biocompatible polymer suitable for tissue engineering applications. The incorporation of magnetostrictive cobalt ferrites (CFO) into PHBV matrix enables the production of magnetically responsive composites, which proved to be effective in the differentiation of a variety of cells and tissues. In this work, PHBV and PHBV with CFO nanoparticles were produced in the form of films, fibers and porous scaffolds and subjected to an experimental program allowing to evaluate the degradation process under biological conditions for a period up to 8 weeks. The morphology, physical, chemical and thermal properties were evaluated, together with the weight loss of the samples during the in vitro degradation assays. No major changes in the mentioned properties were found, thus proving its applicability for tissue engineering applications. Degradation was apparent from week 4 and onwards, leading to the conclusion that the degradation ratio of the material is suitable for a large range of tissue engineering applications. Further, it was found that the degradation of the samples maintain the biocompatibility of the materials for the pristine polymer, but can lead to cytotoxic effects when the magnetic CFO nanoparticles are exposed, being therefore needed, for magnetoactive applications, to substitute them by biocompatible ferrites, such as an iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ).Polymers 2020, 12, 953 2 of 15In particular, smart polymers are gaining increasing attention as substrates and scaffolds for tissue engineering applications mainly as electroactive substrates-mostly piezoelectric ones-such as poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) [5,6], poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) [7], poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) [8,9] and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) [10,11], among others. The ability of those materials to actively enhance and stimulate cellular differentiation processes has been already proven [12,13], based on their mechano-transduction characteristics, generating voltage upon mechanical stimulation and vice-versa [14]. Piezoelectricity is a property that appears in a diversity of human tissues, including DNA, bones or tendons, emphasizing the relevance of electrical and mechano-electrical stimulation in physiological processes [15,16]. In a different approach to apply mechanical and/or mechano-electrical signals, magnetoelectric materials have also proven their aptness for tissue engineering applications, with the particularity of allowing electrical stimulation of the materials and, therefore, on the cells cultured on them, through magnetic solicitation [17,18]. These materials can generate voltage upon magnetic stimulation through the coupling of the magnetostrictive effect (magnetic to mechanical) and piezoelectric effect (mechanical to electric) [19,20]. Magnetoelectric composites are thus achieved combining a piezoelectric polymer with magnetostrictive particles [21][22][23], and their potential for tissue engineering and enhancement of cellular di...

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“…Natural polymers are biodegradable, biocompatible and easily manipulated matrices composed of complex elements which make up the native tissue [103] The natural polymers used so far for cardiac repair include collagen, gelatin, alginate, silk, fibrin, chitosan and hyaluronic acid [67].…”

Section: Natural Polymers For Cardiac Scaffoldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #1 of "Recent advances and challenges on application of tissue engineering for treatment of congenital heart disease (v0.2)"

Ellison-Hughes¹

2018

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Congenital heart disease (CHD) affects a considerable number of children and adults worldwide. This implicates not only developmental disorders, high mortality, and reduced quality of life but also, high costs for the healthcare systems. CHD refers to a variety of heart and vascular malformations which could be very challenging to reconstruct the malformed region surgically, especially when the patient is an infant or a child. Advanced technology and research have offered a better mechanistic insight on the impact of CHD in the heart and vascular system of infants, children, and adults and identified potential therapeutic solutions. Many artificial materials and devices have been used for cardiovascular surgery. Surgeons and the medical industry created and evolved the ball valves to the carbon-based leaflet valves and introduced bioprosthesis as an alternative. However, with research further progressing, contracting tissue have been developed in the lab and tissue engineering (TE) could represent a revolutionary answer for CHD surgery. Development of engineered tissue for cardiac and aortic reconstruction for developing bodies of infants and children can be very challenging. Nevertheless, the use of acellular scaffolds, allograft, xenografts, and autografts are already very common. Seeding of cells on surface and within scaffold is a key challenging factor for use of the above. The use of different types of stem cells has been investigated and proven to be suitable for tissue engineering. They are the most promising source of cells for heart reconstruction in a developing body, even for adults. Some stem cell types are more effective than others, with some disadvantages which may be eliminated in the future.

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The effect of PVDF‐TrFE scaffolds on stem cell derived cardiovascular cells

Cited by 101 publications

References 49 publications

Electrospun Fibrous PVDF‐TrFe Scaffolds for Cardiac Tissue Engineering, Differentiation, and Maturation

Electrospun Fibrous PVDF‐TrFe Scaffolds for Cardiac Tissue Engineering, Differentiation, and Maturation

Morphology Dependence Degradation of Electro- and Magnetoactive Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) for Tissue Engineering Applications

Peer Review #1 of "Recent advances and challenges on application of tissue engineering for treatment of congenital heart disease (v0.2)"

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