The effect of resistance exercise upon age-related systemic and local skeletal muscle inflammation

Ziegler, Andreas Kraag; Jensen, Simon M.; Schjerling, Peter; Mackey, Abigail L.; Andersen, Jesper L.; Kjær, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2019.03.007

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Following review of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 34 studies including 38 intervention arms remained. Of those 34 studies (38 intervention arms), 13 studies (14 intervention arms) 59,61–72 compared RT plus CR versus CR only, while 22 studies (24 intervention arms) 41–44,58,60,72–87 compared RT versus control. A summary of the overall review process is shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean age of participants ranged from 13.10 71 to 83.0 75 years, and the BMI of participants ranged from 22 84 to 36.4 82 kg/m 2 . There were 17 studies that included both males and females, 41–44,58–61,71,73–78,86,87 12 studies that included females only 62–68,72,81,82,84,85 and four studies that included males only 69,70,79,83 . One study 80 did not clearly report the biological sex of the participants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We did not exclude any studies based on the age of participants. Therefore, there were four pediatric studies, 61,71,82,83 20 adult studies, 43,58,59,62–70,72,73,79–81,84–86 and 10 studies of elderly adults 41,42,44,58,60,74–77,87 . In addition, there was no limitation regarding the health status of the participants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The duration of the RT interventions varied from 2 43,77,80 to 24 85 months, with 3 months 41,71,76,79,81–83,87 being the most common time period. In other studies, 2 months, 43,80 10 weeks, 78 14 weeks, 73 4 months, 59,64,66,68–70,72 22 weeks, 61,86 6 months, 58,63,75,84 12 months, 42,44,60,67,74 24 months 85 were used. Moreover, in two studies, interventions were performed until a BMI of <25 kg/m 2 was reached 62,65 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, the effectiveness of RT for reducing VF is uncertain, and has been somewhat inconsistent across studies. In this regard, some studies have shown that RT effectively reduced VF, 40–42 but other studies did not indicate significant reductions in VF following RT 43,44 . In addition, in a 2012 systematic review and meta‐analysis by Ismail and colleagues that included 14 interventions in participants with obesity, overweight and normal weight, RT did not induce a reduction in VF and significant heterogeneity among studies was reported ( I 2 = 61.7%) 31 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of resistance training with and without caloric restriction on visceral fat: A systemic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2021

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Summary We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to investigate the effect of resistance training (RT) with and without caloric restriction (CR) on visceral fat (VF). PubMed and Scopus were searched to identify original articles published through December 2020. Standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were determined, and separate analyses were conducted for RT versus control, and RT plus CR versus CR only. Thirty‐four studies including 38 intervention arms and involving 2285 were included in the meta‐analysis. RT effectively reduced VF [−24 (95% CI −0.34 to −0.13), p < 0.001; I2 = 4.17%, p = 0.40; 24 intervention arms] when compared with control. Based on subgroup analyses, reduction in VF was significant for individual with (p = 0.04) and without (p < 0.001) obesity as well as across medium‐term (p = 0.001) and long‐term (p = 0.002) interventions. Reduction in VF was significant for both middle‐age (p = 0.03) and elderly (p = 0.001) adults but was not significant for pediatric (p = 0.08) participants. However, RT plus CR did not indicate superiority effect on VF [0.23 95% CI −0.04 to 0.51, p = 0.09; I2 = 58.76%, p = 0.003; 14 intervention arms] when compared with CR only. Our results confirm that RT may be effective for reducing VF, but adding RT with CR was not associated with a greater effect for reducing VF.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of resistance training with and without caloric restriction on visceral fat: A systemic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2021

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Resistance exercise and nutritional interventions for augmenting sarcopenia outcomes in chronic kidney disease: a narrative review

Noor

Reid

Slee

2021

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Sarcopenia is an age‐related progressive muscle disease characterized by loss of muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance with high prevalence in chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD is associated with decreased muscle protein synthesis and muscle breakdown due to a number of factors including, the uremic inflammatory environment of the disease. CKD patients are highly sedentary and at risk of malnutrition which may exacerbate sarcopenia outcomes even further. Short and long‐term exercise and nutritional interventions have been studied and found to have some positive effects on sarcopenia measures in CKD. This narrative review summarized evidence between 2010 and 2020 of resistance exercise (RE) alone or combined with nutritional interventions for improving sarcopenia outcomes in CKD. Due to lack of CKD‐specific sarcopenia measures, the second European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) definition has been used to guide the selection of the studies. The literature search identified 14 resistance exercise‐based studies and 5 nutrition plus RE interventional studies. Muscle strength outcomes were increased with longer intervention duration, intervention supervision, and high participant adherence. Data also suggested that CKD patients may require increased RE intensity and progressive loading to obtain detectable results in muscle mass. Unlike muscle strength and muscle mass, physical performance was readily improved by all types of exercise in long or short‐term interventions. Four studies used RE with high‐protein nutritional supplementation. These showed significant benefits on muscle strength and physical performance in dialysis patients while non‐significant results were found in muscle mass. More research is needed to confirm if a combination of RE and vitamin D supplementation could act synergistically to improve muscle strength in CKD. The current evidence on progressive RE for sarcopenia in CKD is encouraging; however, real‐life applications in clinical settings are still very limited. A multidisciplinary patient‐centred approach with regular follow‐up may be most beneficial due to the complexity of sarcopenia in CKD. Long‐term randomized control trials are needed to verify optimal RE prescription and explore safety and efficacy of other nutritional interventions in CKD.

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Effect of resistance training on chronic inflammation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Rose

Mielke

Durr

et al. 2021

Translational Sports Med

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Objectives To determine the pooled effect of resistance training compared with a control, on chronic inflammation in adults through systematic review and meta‐analysis (osf.io/xastp). Methods Intervention trials that assessed resistance training versus control, on peripheral, chronic pro‐inflammatory markers [C‐reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)‐6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α] in adults were included, from four databases. Random‐effect meta‐analyses were conducted to calculate standardized mean differences (SMD) in post‐intervention values between groups. Meta‐regression explored the influence of age, chronic disease, body mass index, progressive resistance training (PRT), and intervention intensity, volume, duration, and “optimal prescription” on the pooled effect. Results Of 3,186 studies identified, 59 were included. Resistance training reduced CRP (SMD = −0.28; 95% CI = −0.46, −0.10), but not IL‐6 (SMD = −0.12; 95% CI = −0.31, 0.07) or TNF‐α (SMD = −0.07; 95% CI = −0.31, 0.16). Some heterogeneity was explained by interventions of lower intensity (<75% 1RM; 11.47%) or volume between 201 and 300 reps (6.14%). Conclusion Resistance training instigates small but significant reductions in CRP, but not IL‐6 or TNF‐α. Reductions in inflammation caused by resistance training may be influenced by intensity and volume, warranting further investigation. Resistance training should be implemented for chronic disease prevention or reduced progression, given pooled reductions in CRP.

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The effect of resistance exercise upon age-related systemic and local skeletal muscle inflammation

Cited by 19 publications

References 67 publications

Effect of resistance training with and without caloric restriction on visceral fat: A systemic review and meta‐analysis

Effect of resistance training with and without caloric restriction on visceral fat: A systemic review and meta‐analysis

Resistance exercise and nutritional interventions for augmenting sarcopenia outcomes in chronic kidney disease: a narrative review

Effect of resistance training on chronic inflammation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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