The effect of Schroth’s three-dimensional exercises in combination with respiratory muscle exercise on Cobb’s angle and pulmonary function in patients with idiopathic scoliosis

Kim, Minjae; Park, Dae-Sung

doi:10.14474/ptrs.2017.6.3.113

Cited by 21 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Although the method used varies, all techniques adhere to the same principle, namely: 1) three-dimensional self-correction; 2) training activities of daily living; and 3) stabilization of corrected postures [34]. Updated studies have reported promising effects of SSE on curve regression [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48], which warrants a thorough investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of scoliosis-specific exercises for alleviating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review

Fan

Ren

2020

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common pediatric spinal deformity with reported complications including pain, mental health concern and respiratory dysfunction. The scoliosis-specific exercise (SSE) is prescribed throughout pubertal growth to slow progression although effects are unclear. This review aims to establish the effectiveness of SSE for alleviating AIS in terms of reducing Cobb angle, improving trunk asymmetry and quality of life (QoL). Additionally, it aims to define the effects of age, skeletal maturity, curve magnitude and exercise compliance on the outcomes of SSE. Methods: A systematic reviewed was conducted to net SSE articles. Searched databases included PubMed, MEDL INE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, CINAHL and Google scholar. The quality of study was critically appraised according to the PEDro scale. Results: A total of ten trials with an average PEDro score of 6.9/10 were examined in this study. Two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two clinical controlled trials suggested that SSE alone and with bracing or traditional exercise had clinical significance in reducing Cobb angle more than 5°. One RCT specifically implicated no comparable effects between bracing and SSE in prevention of curve progression for moderate scoliosis. There was insufficient evidence to support the positive effects of SSE on improving truck asymmetry (n = 4) and QoL (n = 3). Five studies evaluated the interaction effects of age (n = 2), skeletal maturity (n = 1) and curve magnitude (n = 2) with SSE in reducing Cobb angle yet without drawing any firm conclusions. Conclusions: Insufficient evidence is available to prove that SSE with or without other conservative treatments can reduce Cobb angle, improve trunk balance and QoL. The interaction effects of age, skeletal maturity, curve magnitude, and exercise compliance with SSE in reducing Cobb angle are not proven. Future studies should investigate the relationship of influencing factors and SSE in treating AIS but not only testing its effectiveness. Trial registration: INPLASY202050100.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of scoliosis-specific exercises for alleviating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review

Fan

Ren

2020

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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“…The previous systematic reviews (33,52), analyzed the same ve studies (35,37,41,45,48) included in our review, revealed a signi cant heterogeneity by statistical testing and concluded that no pooled effect sizes could be reliably reported. In addition, our review included ve more updated clinical trials that showed notable methodological heterogeneity: one CCT was conducted with a large sample size (n=99) but no comparative untreated controls (40); four studies, including one CCT (38) and three RCTs (36,46,47), were conducted with small sample sizes (n<50) which could mask variations and build up of systematic errors. Moreover, those four studies (36,38,46,47) in which all included bracing strategy, this introduced confounding effects of bracing and SSE in treating AIS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, our review included ve more updated clinical trials that showed notable methodological heterogeneity: one CCT was conducted with a large sample size (n=99) but no comparative untreated controls (40); four studies, including one CCT (38) and three RCTs (36,46,47), were conducted with small sample sizes (n<50) which could mask variations and build up of systematic errors. Moreover, those four studies (36,38,46,47) in which all included bracing strategy, this introduced confounding effects of bracing and SSE in treating AIS. Therefore, considering the notable heterogeneity of enrolled studies, a meta-analysis was not performed in this review.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PEDro scale was ranked from 5 to 9, with an average score of 6.9/10 for overall articles (Table 1). Speci cally, the average scores of Schroth studies (35)(36)(37)(38)45), scienti c exercise approach to scoliosis (SEAS) studies (41,47,48), and alternative SSE(40, 46) studies were 6.4 (n=5, score: 5-8), 8 (n=3, score: 8-9), and 6.5 (n=2, score: 6-7), respectively. Criteria 4 (blinding subjects) and 5 (blinding therapists) were not met for 80% (n=8) of studies (35)(36)(37)(38)(45)(46)(47)(48).…”

Section: Evidence Hierarchy and Methodological Appraisalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of Scoliosis-Specific Exercise for Alleviating Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review

Fan

Ren

2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common pediatric spinal deformity with reported complications including pain, mental health concern and respiratory dysfunction. The Scoliosis-specific exercise (SSE) is prescribed throughout pubertal growth to slow progression although effects are unclear. This review aims to establish the effectiveness of SSE in alleviating AIS in terms of reducing Cobb angle, improving trunk asymmetry and quality of life (QoL). Additionally, it aims to define the effects of age, skeletal maturity, curve magnitude and exercise compliance on the outcomes of SSE. Methods: A systematic reviewed was conducted to net SSE articles. Searched databases included PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, CINAHL and Google scholar. The quality of study was critically appraised according to the PEDro scale. Results: A total of ten trials with an average PEDro score of 6.9/10 were examined in this study. Two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two clinical controlled trials suggested that SSE alone and with bracing or traditional exercise had clinical significance in reducing Cobb angle more than 5°. One RCT specifically implicated no comparable effects between bracing and SSE in prevention of curve progression for moderate scoliosis. Insufficient evidence demonstrated the positive effects of SSE in improving truck asymmetry (n=4) and QoL (n=3). Five studies evaluated the interaction effects of age (n=2), skeletal maturity (n=1) and curve magnitude (n=2) with SSE in reducing Cobb angle yet without drawing any firm conclusions. Conclusions: Insufficient evidence is available to prove that SSE with or without other conservative treatments can reduce Cobb angle, improve trunk balance and QoL. The interaction effects of age, skeletal maturity, curve magnitude, and exercise compliance with SSE in reducing Cobb angle are not proven. Future studies should investigate the relationship of influencing factors and SSE in treating AIS but not only testing its effectiveness.

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“…This process was repeated at least three times. The highest value was selected as the FVC and FEV1 [20].…”

Section: Pulmonary Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of air stacking training on pulmonary function, respiratory strength and peak cough flow in persons with cervical spinal cord injury

Shin

2018

PTRS

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Objective: This study investigated the effects of air stacking training (AST) on pulmonary function, respiratory strength, and peak cough flow (PCF) in persons with cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI). Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: A total of 24 persons with CSCI were randomly allocated to the AST group (n=12) or the incentive spirometry training (IST) group (n=12). Patients with CSCI received AST or IST for 15 minutes, with 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks, and all groups performed basic exercises for 15 minutes. In the AST group, after the subject inhaled the maximal amount of air as best as possible, the therapist insufflated additional air into the patient's lung using an oral nasal mask about 2-3 times. In the IST group, patients were allowed to hold for three seconds at the maximum inspiration and then to breathe. The pre and post-tests measured forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume one at second (FEV1), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and PCF. Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in FVC, FEV1, MEP, MIP and PCF values after training (p<0.05). The FVC in the post-test and the mean change of FVC, FEV1, MIP were significantly higher in the AST group than the IST group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study suggested that AST significantly improved pulmonary function, respiratory strength, and PCF in persons with CSCI. Therefore, AST should be included in respiratory rehabilitation programs to improve coughing ability, pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength.

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The effect of Schroth’s three-dimensional exercises in combination with respiratory muscle exercise on Cobb’s angle and pulmonary function in patients with idiopathic scoliosis

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Effectiveness of scoliosis-specific exercises for alleviating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review

Effectiveness of scoliosis-specific exercises for alleviating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review

Effectiveness of Scoliosis-Specific Exercise for Alleviating Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review

Effect of air stacking training on pulmonary function, respiratory strength and peak cough flow in persons with cervical spinal cord injury

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