The Effect of Selenium and Polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. (PAMK) on Immune Response in Chicken Spleen Under Heat Stress

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of selenium (Se), polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. (PAMK), and the combination of Se and PAMK on the immune response, heat shock protein (HSP) levels under heat stress (HS) condition in chicken spleen. Two hundred chickens were randomly divided into two groups, the HS group and the control (Con) group. Then these chickens were treated with Se (0.3 mg/kg), PAMK (200 mg/kg) alone, and the combination of Se (0.3 mg/kg) and PAMK (200 mg/kg). The antioxidative enzymes, cytokines contents, and expression levels of HSP27 and HSP70 were examined in chicken spleen. The results indicated that HS induced higher levels of TNF-α, IL-4, HSP27, HSP70, and MDA levels but lower level of IFN-γ, IL-2, Gpx, and SOD in spleen (P < 0.05). These responses were ameliorated by the treatment of Se, PAMK alone, and the combination of Se and PAMK (P < 0.05 or not) The results showed that under common condition, Se and PAMK could improve the immune response by enhancing the levels of some cytokines to proper levels; however, under HS condition, Se and PAMK could change the abnormal levels of cytokines and oxidative damages to ameliorate the injury induced by HS. In addition, there existed synergistic effect on the modulation of these biomarkers in chicken spleen between Se and PAMK. So both Se and PAMK play important roles in regulating the immune function in chicken. Considering the synergistic effect on immune regulation of PAMK, this herb deserves further investigation to evaluate its role in improving the effect of traditional immune regulators.

Antioxidant Systems in Poultry Biology: Superoxide Dismutase

“…For example, heat stress in black-boned chickens reduced daily feed intake and BW gain; decreased serum GSH and inhibited GSH-Px, SOD and CAT activities compared with birds subjected to thermo-neutral circumstances [122]. Similarly, in chickens heat stress induced higher levels of TNF-α, IL-4, HSP27, HSP70, and MDA levels but lower level of IFN-γ, IL-2, GSH-Px, and SOD in spleen [123][124]. These responses were ameliorated by the…”

Selenium and Polysaccharides of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz Play Different Roles in Improving the Immune Response Induced by Heat Stress in Chickens

“…Data are the means±SD, n=5. Bars without a common letter were significantly different (P<0.05) our prior study [4], we showed that chronic HS increased the levels of TNF-α and IL-4 but decreased the levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 in the chicken spleen [11]. In the present study, we exposed chickens to 1 week of acute HS and examined the effect of HS on the chicken immune system.…”

“…In our prior study, we found that chronic HS influenced the levels of cytokines and induced oxidative injuries in chicken spleens [11]. Compared with chronic HS, acute HS was also detrimental to the immune system.…”

“…The combination of PAMK with other traditional medicines has improved the immune response of macrophages [10]. In our prior study, we showed that PAMK and selenium (Se) alleviated the inflammatory response in chicken spleen [11]. As an important immune regulator, PAMK played a vital role in the chicken immune system.…”

The polysaccharide ofAtractylodes macrocephala koidz(PAMK) alleviates cyclophosphamide-mediated immunosuppression in geese, possibly through novel_mir2 targeting of CTLA4 to upregulate the TCR-NFAT pathway

“…[6][7][8][9][10][11] Recent research also revealed that another important biological effect of PAMK is to resist heat stress and maintain the immune function at a stable level. 5,12,13 However, there has been no report about the effects of PAMK on alleviating immunosuppression.…”