The effect of site of application on the performance of glyphosate on <i>Agropyron repens</i> and barban, benzoylprop‐ethyl and difenzoquat on <i>Avena fatua</i>

Coupland, D.; Taylor, W. A.; Caseley, J. C.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1978.tb01148.x

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In these experiments position of application did not significantly affect herbicide uptake and translocation. This is surprising in view of the results of Coupland, Taylor & Caseley (1978) and Merritt (1982), which showed that the activity of herbicides, including glyphosate, was greater when they were applied to the base of the adaxial leaf lamina than to the tip. It was suggested that this could be due to variation in the amount of epicuticular wax and the microclimate in different regions of the leaf, or simply a consequence of placing the chemical nearer to its site of action.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Uptake, translocation and phytotoxicity of imazapyr and glyphosate in Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeuschel: effect of herbicide concentration, position of deposit and two methods of direct contact application

Townson

Butler

1990

Weed Research

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Uptake, translocation and phytotoxicity of imazapyr and glyphosate in Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeuschel: effect of herbicide concentration, position of deposit and two methods of direct contact application

Townson

Butler

1990

Weed Research

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“…Similar applications to the inner leaf sheath have been shown to enhance the effect of several herbicides applied to Avena fatua compared to applications made to the expanded leaf blade. (Coupland, Taylor & Caseley, 1978;Caseley & Coupland, 1980). Compared to leaf blade treatments leaf sheath treatments resulted in much greater absorption and accumulation of herbicides in meristematic areas.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antagonistic effects of 2,4‐D amine and bentazone on control of Avena fatua with tralkoxydim

Jensen

Caseley

1990

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Summary: Control of Avena fatua with tralkoxydim was significantly reduced in glasshouse experiments when the herbicide was tank‐mixed with either 2,4‐D amine or bentazone. Antagonism increased with increasing rates of these broadleaf herbicides in the tank‐mixture and it could, in turn, be decreased by increasing rates of tralkoxydim. When herbicide solutions were applied to single leaves with a micropipette applicator, bentazone was antagonistic only when mixed in the same droplet with tralkoxydim and not when the two herbicides were applied adjacently in separate droplets. In contrast, both separate and combined applications of 2,4‐D amine and tralkoxydim were antagonistic. There was no antagonism when mixtures with either 2,4‐D amine or bentazone were applied between the leaf sheath and culm. Antagonism could be circumvented by sequential applications of the herbicides. When tral‐oxydim was applied first, there was no loss of A. fatua control if bentazone application was delayed 0.5 h or if 2,4‐D amine was delayed 24 h. Results suggest that bentazone affects only cuticular penetration of tralkoxydim, whereas 2,4‐D amine also influences subsequent translocation.

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“…Following amounts of 'rain' of up to 0.5 mm, loss of active ingredient and surfactant may be compensated by some redistribution of the remaining solution to more vulnerable areas of the plant. The retention data in Table 3 show that 0.16 mm of rain removed herbicide from the lamina, but that some was redeposited in the liguleheaf sheath area which is known to be particularly important with regard to herbicide performance (Walter & Bischof, 1976;Coupland, Taylor & Caseley, 1978). Coupland et al also found that re-wetting the treated plant increased the activity of difenzoquat and that herbicide applied in between the leaf sheath and the rest of the stem (analogous to the 'inner-sheath' position of this work) resulted in greater activity than application to other sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of simulated rain on retention, distribution, uptake, movement and activity of difenzoquat applied to Avena fatua

Caseley

Coupland

1980

Annals of Applied Biology

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In glasshouse studies the degree of control of Avena fatua increased as the period between application of difenzoquat and the onset of simulated rain was prolonged. 0.5 mm of 'rain' removed 29% of the herbicide deposit without adversely affecting performance at the recommended dose of 1 kg/ha. A further 30% was removed by 2.0 mm of 'rain', resulting in a marked reduction in acrivity. With lower amounts of 'rain' (0.16 mm), some of the spray deposit was redistributed from the leaf lamina to the leaf base/ligule area. The rate of penetration of 14C-difenzoquat was much greater when applied to the inner surface of the leaf sheath than when the leaf blade and outer sheath areas were treated. Translocation from the 'inner sheath' to other parts of the plant was up to 100 times greater than from other areas. It is suggested that the performance of difenzoquat is not reduced by low amounts of rain because: (1) the spray deposit is removed principally from the leaf blade, whilst in the more responsive liguleheaf sheath area the herbicide remains in solution, (2) the recommended dose of 1 kg/ha allows for some loss of active ingredient without reduction in performance. The practical implications of the work are discussed and further topics for research are outlined. I N T R O D U C T I O NDifenzoquat is a water-soluble herbicide widely used for the control of Avena fatua in barley and wheat (Wingfield & Caldicott, 1975). In common with other foliage-applied compounds, its performance can be diminished by rainfall (Baldwin & Livingston, 1976) but quantitative information has hitherto been lacking. The work reported here consisted of two groups of experiments. The first dealt with the effects on spray retention and distribution and herbicide performance of different amounts of simulated rain applied at several time intervals after spraying. In the second group, the consequences of redistribution on penetration and movement of the herbicide were followed using 14C labelled difenzoquat. M A T E R I A L S A N D M E T H O D S Plant materialSeed of Avena fatua (L.) was obtained in autumn 1972 from the field. For consistency of plant material between experiments only large (20-25 mm) brown-husked seeds were selected. These were sown on moist filter paper and germinated at 15 OC. When the radicles had just emerged, the young seedlings were planted in a soil mix (one seedling/9 cm diameter pot, at a depth of 2.5 cm) and put in an unheated glasshouse where the temperature was 16 8 "C and the humidity 60 f 20%. The soil mix consisted of 1 part peat, 1 part sand and 4 parts of Begbroke sandy loam. The seedlings were not given any additional nutrients until growth stage 12 (Zadoks, Chang & Konzak, 1974), when weekly feeding was commenced using a proprietary

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The effect of site of application on the performance of glyphosate on Agropyron repens and barban, benzoylprop‐ethyl and difenzoquat on Avena fatua

Cited by 31 publications

References 9 publications

Uptake, translocation and phytotoxicity of imazapyr and glyphosate in Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeuschel: effect of herbicide concentration, position of deposit and two methods of direct contact application

Uptake, translocation and phytotoxicity of imazapyr and glyphosate in Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeuschel: effect of herbicide concentration, position of deposit and two methods of direct contact application

Antagonistic effects of 2,4‐D amine and bentazone on control of Avena fatua with tralkoxydim

Effect of simulated rain on retention, distribution, uptake, movement and activity of difenzoquat applied to Avena fatua

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