The effect of soil fumigation on microbial recolonization and mycorrhizal infection

Ridge, E.H.; Theodorou, C.

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(72)90025-9

Cited by 33 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Protectant fungicides with short-term activity, in contact with seedlings that are susceptible to soilonium nitrogen (Rovira and Ridge, 1979) or can cause increases in populations of beneficial soil micro-organisms (Ridge and Theodorou, 1972;Rovira and Ridge, 1979). Similar effects occur when captan is incorporated into soil at 60 to 250ppm (Agnihotri, 1971).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Fungicide seed treatments increase growth of perennial ryegrass

Falloon

1987

Plant Soil

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Field, laboratory and glasshouse experiments were carried out to measure effects of seed treatments with captan or thiram on growth of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Field-sown captan-or thiram-treated seed gave twice as many seedlings as untreated seed. Spaced plants growing from fungicide-treated seed produced almost 6 times more dry matter 16 weeks after sowing than those from untreated seed. This effect, though diminishing with time, was still apparent more than a year after sowing. Fungicides in sterile agar growth medium were phytotoxic to seedlings at concentrations of 10/~g/ml and greater. Seedlings grown from treated seeds sown from 5 to 15 mm away from developing colonies of the virulent seedling pathogen Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. were more than 4 times larger than those grown from untreated seeds. Captan-treated seed sown into pots containing field soil produced more and larger seedlings than untreated seed. Methyl bromide fumigation of the same soil also increased both number and size of seedlings. Fungicidal, rather than direct chemical effects, at early stages of seedling growth, account for increased growth of plants from fungicide-treated seed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Fungicide seed treatments increase growth of perennial ryegrass

Falloon

1987

Plant Soil

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“…Because fumigation depletes soils of EMF (Trappe et al 1984), many hypothesized that a lack of mycorrhizas on young seedlings caused nutrient deficiencies resulting in stunting (Trappe and Strand 1969;Henderson and Stone 1970;Croghan et al 1987). This idea was supported when fertilization or application of EMF inoculum improved seedling growth (Campagna and White 1969;Henderson and Stone 1970;Ridge and Theodorou 1972;Marx et al 1978;Hung et al 1982). Consequently, investigations of mosaic stunting in conifers have focused on EMF in the Midwestern USA (Croghan et al 1987) and Western USA (Linderman et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Mosaic stunting in bareroot Pinus banksiana seedlings is unrelated to colonization by mycorrhizal fungi

et al. 2014

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Mosaic stunting, the occurrence of random patches of chlorotic seedlings with reduced shoot and diameter growth amidst more robust cohorts within bareroot nurseries, is classically associated with poor colonization by mycorrhizal fungi. We examined possible relationships among soil fertility, mycorrhizas, and random patches of mosaic stunting in bareroot Pinus banksiana Lamb. and suggest this paradigm is not universal. Stunted seedlings were distributed among healthy seedlings, occupied field space for 2-3 years, and used nursery resources (i.e. irrigation, fertilization); consequently high rates of culling at harvest resulted in an economic stress for the nursery. Thus, an understanding of the cause(s) of stunting was necessary. Stunted 1 ? 0 seedlings had significantly lower levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and zinc than their healthy cohorts, despite similar soil nutrient levels. The numbers of mycorrhizal root tips on stunted and healthy seedlings were similar, and the taxa of mycorrhizal fungi, determined by isolations and DNA sequencing, were not consistently associated with stunted or healthy seedlings. We conclude that differences in Pinus banksiana mycorrhizas are not responsible for mosaic stunting, but may be caused by localized low soil N availability due to uneven distribution of added organic matter amendments.

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“…The positive effects of soil microorganisms on mycorrhizal formation were initially reported for nursery soils fumigated with methyl bromide (Ridge and Theodorou 1972). Garbaye and Duponnois (1992) showed that pure bacterial strains such as Pseudomonas spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fungal selectivity of two mycorrhiza helper bacteria on five mycorrhizal fungi associated with Pinus thunbergii

Kataoka

Taniguchi

Futai

2009

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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The fungal selectivity of helper effect was revealed using four ectomycorrhizal fungi (Rhizopogon sp., Pisolithus tinctorius, Cenococcum geophilum and Suillus granulatus), and one ectoendomycorrhizal fungus (Wilcoxina mikolae). Previously, we isolated a rhizobacteria, Ralstonia basilensis and Bacillus subtilis, which have the ability to enhance the mycorrhizal symbiosis between S. granulatus and Pinus thunbergii. However, the characteristics of each bacterium on mycorrhizal fungi are still unclear. Therefore, we tried to examine the fungal selectivity of helper effect. A confrontation assay revealed that R. basilensis significantly promoted the in vitro hyphal growth of W. mikolae and S. granulatus, but it had no effect on Rhizopogon sp., P. tinctorius and C. geophilum. These results were consistent with the effects shown by R. basilensis on the mycorrhizal formation of these fungi. On the other hand, B. subtilis promoted the hyphal growth of W. mikolae and C. geophilum but suppressed growth of Rhizopogon sp. B. subtilis significantly stimulated the mycorrhizal formation of S. granulatus. Thus the effects of B. subtilis on hyphal growth and on mycorrhizal formation were inconsistent. These results suggest that R. basilensis and B. subtilis have fungal selective and different mechanisms in their roles as mycorrhiza helper bacteria.

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The effect of soil fumigation on microbial recolonization and mycorrhizal infection

Cited by 33 publications

References 14 publications

Fungicide seed treatments increase growth of perennial ryegrass

Fungicide seed treatments increase growth of perennial ryegrass

Mosaic stunting in bareroot Pinus banksiana seedlings is unrelated to colonization by mycorrhizal fungi

Fungal selectivity of two mycorrhiza helper bacteria on five mycorrhizal fungi associated with Pinus thunbergii

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