The effect of spatial frequency content on parameters of eye movements

Groner, Marina; Groner, Rudolf; Mühlenen, Adrian von

doi:10.1007/s00426-008-0167-1

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…First of all, consistent with prior findings (Groner et al, 2008;Loschky et al, 2005;Mannan et al, 1995), we found that across all three experiments, fixation durations were lengthened when scenes were band-pass filtered for spatial frequencies. More important, because the filtered scene information was presented during the saccade prior to the critical fixation and could not be predicted in advance, we can infer that the duration of the critical fixation was influenced by processing of the filtered scene information that occurred during the critical fixation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…For example, it has been shown that restricting or degrading the availability of stimulus information has an effect on fixation durations (Groner, Groner & von Mühlenen, 2008;Loftus, 1985;Loschky, McConkie, Yang & Miller, 2005;Mannan, Ruddock & Wooding, 1995;Parkhurst, Culurciello & Niebur, 2000). More specifically, when spatial frequency information is filtered from scenes (e.g., using a band-pass filter), fixation durations tend to increase.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Spatial frequency filtering and the direct control of fixation durations during scene viewing

Glaholt

Rayner

Reingold

2013

Atten Percept Psychophys

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The present study employed a saccade-contingent change paradigm to investigate the effect of spatial frequency filtering on fixation durations during scene viewing. Subjects viewed grayscale scenes while encoding them for a later memory test. During randomly chosen saccades, the scene was replaced with an alternate version that remained throughout the critical fixation that followed. In Experiment 1, during the critical fixation, the scene could be changed to high-pass and low-pass spatial frequency filtered versions. Under both conditions, fixation durations increased, and the low-pass condition produced a greater effect than the high-pass condition. In subsequent experiments, we manipulated the familiarity of scene information during the critical fixation by flipping the filtered scenes upside down or horizontally. Under these conditions, we observed lengthening of fixation durations but no difference between the high-pass and low-pass conditions, suggesting that the filtering effect is related to the mismatch between information extracted within the critical fixation and the ongoing scene representation in memory. We also conducted control experiments that tested the effect of changes to scene orientation (Experiment 2a) and the addition of color to a grayscale scene (Experiment 2b). Fixation distribution analysis suggested two effects on the distribution fixation durations: a fast-acting effect that was sensitive to all transsaccadic changes tested and a later effect in the tail of the distribution that was likely tied to the processing of scene information. These findings are discussed in the context of theories of oculomotor control during scene viewing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial frequency filtering and the direct control of fixation durations during scene viewing

Glaholt

Rayner

Reingold

2013

Atten Percept Psychophys

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“…The spatial frequencies of an image affect the fixation durations and saccade amplitudes so that low frequencies elicit larger saccades associated with shorter fixation durations and high frequencies elicit smaller saccades associated with longer fixation durations (Groner et al, 2008). The medians for the saccade amplitudes seemed to be distributed similarly among different visualizations in the current study, Figure 7.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Effects of Cartographic Elevation Visualizations and Map-reading Tasks on Eye Movements

Putto

Kettunen

Torniainen

et al. 2014

The Cartographic Journal

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Users prefer more realistic visualizations, even though they may be less efficient or even detrimental for a given task. In some previous studies, the evidence has shown that relief shading facilitates the landform interpretation while other studies have provided contrary results. In the present study, the effect of three different visualizations of elevation information on eye movements and performance was investigated in visual search, area selection, and route planning tasks. The results showed that the visualization of relief information affected the performance and eye movements in the visual search task. Overall, the eye movements differed between the search and area selection tasks, as well as between the search and route planning tasks. The result showed that the relief shading did not slow down the performance, either in terms of response time or eye movement measures.

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“…It nevertheless clearly affects fixation frequency and saccade length. As shown previously with texture stimuli (Groner et al, 2008), HP images produced shorter saccades than LP images, suggesting that visible content in the periphery is necessary for saccades to that region. In other words, saccades seem not to be directed to image areas for which no information is available even if content seems likely to be there given normal scene structure (Ossandón et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Such low cutoff changes eye-movement parameters (Groner, Groner, & von Mühlenen, 2008) but preserves clear visual content in both LP and HP images ( Figure 4A). To avoid identifying differences in exploration due only to differences in overall luminance between LP and HP images, the HP version preserved the mean luminance of the original images.…”

Section: Stimulimentioning

confidence: 96%

Spatial biases in viewing behavior

2014

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Viewing behavior exhibits temporal and spatial structure that is independent of stimulus content and task goals. One example of such structure is horizontal biases, which are likely rooted in left-right asymmetries of the visual and attentional systems. Here, we studied the existence, extent, and mechanisms of this bias. Left- and right-handed subjects explored scenes from different image categories, presented in original and mirrored versions. We also varied the spatial spectral content of the images and the timing of stimulus onset. We found a marked leftward bias at the start of exploration that was independent of image category. This left bias was followed by a weak bias to the right that persisted for several seconds. This asymmetry was found in the majority of right-handers but not in left-handers. Neither low- nor high-pass filtering of the stimuli influenced the bias. This argues against mechanisms related to the hemispheric segregation of global versus local visual processing. Introducing a delay in stimulus onset after offset of a central fixation spot also had no influence. The bias was present even when stimuli were presented continuously and without any requirement to fixate, associated to both fixation- and saccade-contingent image changes. This suggests the bias is not caused by structural asymmetries in fixation control. Instead the pervasive horizontal bias is compatible with known asymmetries of higher-level attentional areas related to the detection of novel events.

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The effect of spatial frequency content on parameters of eye movements

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Spatial frequency filtering and the direct control of fixation durations during scene viewing

Spatial frequency filtering and the direct control of fixation durations during scene viewing

Effects of Cartographic Elevation Visualizations and Map-reading Tasks on Eye Movements

Spatial biases in viewing behavior

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