“…Students can actively design and assemble diverse objects, gaining a solid understanding of programming concepts (Ibrahim et al, 2020;Papadakis et al, 2022;Paucar-Curasma et al, 2023). Research demonstrates that Lego educational robotics kits enable students to easily grasp science and mathematics concepts, empowering them to solve mathematical problems involving proportions, positive and negative numbers, square roots, and algebraic equations (Allen, 2013;Estivill-Castro, 2020;Kelana et al, 2020;Rahman, 2021;Whitman & Witherspoon, 2003).…”