The effect of storage on ammonia, cytokine, and chemokine concentrations in feline whole blood

Cummings, Katherine A.; Abelson, Amanda L.; Rozanski, Elizabeth A.; Sharp, Claire R.

doi:10.1111/vec.12510

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A prospective ex vivo study by Cummings et al . () revealed increased concentration of the proinflammatory chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL‐8) in RBC units during storage, similar to studies in humans (Stack et al . , Kristiansson et al .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…During storage, erythrocytes undergo biochemical, biomechanical and immunologic changes that may compromise RBC survival and function, making the transfusion less effective and possibly adversely impacting the recipient (Obrador et al 2015, Heinz et al 2016. Several studies have documented storage lesions in feline RBC products over time (Aubert et al 2011;Cummings et al 2016;Heinz et al 2016;Blasi et al Blasi Brugué et al 2018), although the impact of storage times has not been evaluated in feline transfusion recipients. A prospective ex vivo study by Cummings et al (2016) revealed increased concentration of the proinflammatory chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL-8) in RBC units during storage, similar to studies in humans (Stack et al 1995, Kristiansson et al 1996 and dogs (Corsi et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have documented storage lesions in feline RBC products over time (Aubert et al 2011;Cummings et al 2016;Heinz et al 2016;Blasi et al Blasi Brugué et al 2018), although the impact of storage times has not been evaluated in feline transfusion recipients. A prospective ex vivo study by Cummings et al (2016) revealed increased concentration of the proinflammatory chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL-8) in RBC units during storage, similar to studies in humans (Stack et al 1995, Kristiansson et al 1996 and dogs (Corsi et al 2014). This proinflammatory cytokine might be a contributing factor for systemic inflammation and for transfusion-associated complications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploration of risk factors for non‐survival and for transfusion‐associated complications in cats receiving red cell transfusions: 450 cases (2009 to 2017)

Martínez‐Sogues

Blois

Manzanilla

et al. 2020

J of Small Animal Practice

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Objectives To describe red blood cell transfusion practices and short‐term outcomes in anaemic cats. To determine clinical variables associated with non‐survival and transfusion‐related complications. Material and Methods In this retrospective study, blood bank records from the Ontario Veterinary College Health Science Centre (OVC‐HSC) were reviewed to identify cats that received packed red blood cells or whole blood from 2009 to 2017. We extracted cause of anaemia, history of previous transfusion, pre‐ and post‐transfusion packed cell volume, pre‐transfusion compatibility testing, volume and dose of blood product, age of red blood cell unit, transfusion‐associated complications and patient survival. Results A total of 450 transfusion events were recorded in 267 cats. Blood loss was the most common indication for blood transfusion (44.9%), followed by ineffective erythropoiesis (37.5%) and red blood cell destruction (22.5%). Transfusion‐associated complications occurred in 10.2% events and there was a 20.2% mortality after transfusion. Mean increase in packed cell volume 24‐hours after transfusion was greater in cats undergoing major cross‐match testing before transfusion (7.2%) versus those that did not (4.0%). Non‐survival was associated with higher packed cell volume before transfusion, low patient body temperature before transfusion, anaemia due to blood loss and number of transfusions administered. Older age of transfused blood units was associated with non‐survival and transfusion‐related complications. Clinical Importance This study was observational and so our analyses were exploratory, but suggest that major cross‐match before transfusion tended to have greater transfusion efficacy and transfusion of older blood products might have detrimental effects on survival.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploration of risk factors for non‐survival and for transfusion‐associated complications in cats receiving red cell transfusions: 450 cases (2009 to 2017)

Martínez‐Sogues

Blois

Manzanilla

et al. 2020

J of Small Animal Practice

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“…Only two recent studies aimed to evaluate storage lesions in feline pRBCs [ 11 , 12 ]. Significant supernatant increases of lactate, ammonia, sodium and chloride, and decreases of glucose and potassium levels were described.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During storage, blood cells maintain their metabolic activity, releasing byproducts to the media and suffering from biologic and immunologic changes, which may affect red blood cells (RBCs) function and survival. These changes are known as storage lesions, and may cause adverse effects on the recipients [ 4 , 7 – 11 ]. Haemolysis, as one result from these processes, may be regarded as an indicator of storage lesions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro quality control analysis after processing and during storage of feline packed red blood cells units

et al. 2018

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BackgroundDuring the storage of packed red blood cells (pRBC), packed cell volume (PCV), bacterial contamination and percentage of haemolysis [percentage of free haemoglobin (HGB) in relation to the total HGB] are important quality parameters. Both PCV and haemolysis are indicators of the cellular integrity of stored units. There are no published experimental studies that evaluated these parameters during storage of feline pRBC using SAGM (adenine, dextrose, mannitol and sodium chloride) as the additive solution. The present study aims to (1) evaluate the quality of feline pRBCs stored in SAGM; (2) test for the semi-closed system’s suitability for use and risk of bacterial contamination; (3) establish the maximum storage time that may be appropriate to meet the criteria established by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US-FDA) guidelines for human blood banking; and (4) evaluate the need to calculate the percentage of haemolysis prior to the administration of units stored for more than 4 weeks.Four hundred eighty nine feline pRBC units were analyzed. Bacterial culture, PCV and percentage of haemolysis were determined within 6 h after processing (t0). One hundred and eighty units were re-tested for haemolysis and PCV after 29–35 days of storage (t1) and 118 units after 36–42 days (t2).ResultsBacterial contamination was not detected in any pRBC unit. Mean PCV at t0 was 52.25% (SD: ±5.27) and decreased significantly (p < 0.001) during storage to 48.15% (SD: ±3.79) at t1 and to 49.34% (SD: ±4.45) at t2. Mean percentage of haemolysis at t0 was 0.07% (SD: ±0.06) and increased significantly (p < 0.001) to 0.69% (SD: ±0.40) at t1 and to 0.81% (SD: ±0.47) at t2. In addition, 13.88% and 19.49% of pRBC units exceeded 1% haemolysis at t1 and t2, respectively.ConclusionsAccording to the US-FDA guidelines for human blood banking that recommend a maximum of 1% haemolysis, the results of this study show that all feline pRBC units with less than 24 h of shelf life have low levels of haemolysis. However, units preserved up to 28 days can only be administered if tested for haemolysis before use, since 13.88% units exceeded the 1% limit. The semi-closed system was considered safe for use as bacterial contamination was not detected in any pRBC unit.

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Principles of Canine and Feline Blood Collection, Processing, and Storage

Abrams‐Ogg¹,

Blois²

2022

Schalm's Veterinary Hematology

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The effect of storage on ammonia, cytokine, and chemokine concentrations in feline whole blood

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Exploration of risk factors for non‐survival and for transfusion‐associated complications in cats receiving red cell transfusions: 450 cases (2009 to 2017)

Exploration of risk factors for non‐survival and for transfusion‐associated complications in cats receiving red cell transfusions: 450 cases (2009 to 2017)

In vitro quality control analysis after processing and during storage of feline packed red blood cells units

Principles of Canine and Feline Blood Collection, Processing, and Storage

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