The effect of stress inoculation training on anxiety and performance.

Saunders, Teri; Driskell, James E.; Johnston, Joan; Salas, Eduardo

doi:10.1037//1076-8998.1.2.170

Cited by 55 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 51 publications

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“…However, our secondary observation that the two scenarios were associated with different levels of acute stress suggests that this approach might be ineffective: to the extent that incidents licensing the use of OD are likely to generate greater acute stress and this will affect the use of SOPs and OD. If one accepts the proposition that the use of OD and deliberation should be licensed under unprecedented conditions (e.g., the Grenfell Tower fire), then our results suggest a need for training to focus on generating effective decision making under stress, and specifically training to enhance personal resilience to mitigate the impact of acute stress on decision making (see Driskell et al, 2001; Saunders et al, 1996). The clear prediction is that such training would increase the use of OD when it is required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Decision Making Within and Outside Standard Operating Procedures: Paradoxical Use of Operational Discretion in Firefighters

et al. 2021

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Objective To understand how firefighters’ use of rules (i.e., standard operating procedures [SOPs]) and deliberative decision making (i.e., operational discretion [OD]) interacts with acute stress. Background Current operational guidance for UK firefighters combines the provision of SOPs, for routine incidents, with the use of OD, under prescribed conditions (e.g., when there is a risk to human life). However, our understanding of the use of SOPs and OD is limited. Methods Incident commanders (ICs; n = 43) responded to simulated emergency incidents, which either licensed the use of OD or required use of a SOP. Video footage of IC behavior was used to code their response as involving a SOP or OD, while levels of acute stress were assessed using a blood-based measure and self-report. Results ICs were less likely to use OD selectively in the simulated emergency incident that licensed its use than in the one for which use of an SOP was appropriate; IC command level did not affect this pattern of results; and the incident that licensed OD resulted in more acute stress than the incident that required use of a SOP. Conclusion SOPs and OD were not used in the manner prescribed by current operational guidance in simulated emergency incidents. Application These results suggest that firefighter training in SOPs and OD should be augmented alongside personal resilience training, given the impact of stress on health and wellbeing, but also to improve the deployment of SOPs and OD under stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%