The Effect of Supplementary Food on a Population of Wood Mice (Apodemus sylvaticus)

Flowerdew, J. R.

doi:10.2307/3195

Cited by 100 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Flowerdew (1972) observed similar variations and growth patterns to those recorded here. Weights of mice before weaning were not investigated in the present work since the resulting disturbance was likely to increase mortality.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

The initiation and maintenance of a colony of coccidia-free wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus)

1988

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

The initiation and maintenance of a colony of coccidia-free wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus)

1988

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“…Among the traits maximizing immediate success in rodents the most spectacular is their ability to reproduce at the very young age of 6-8 weeks (and in some species even earlier: M. arvalis at 2 weeks -Tkadlec and Zejda 1995; Lemmus lemmus at 3 weeks - Koshkina and Khalansky 1962), long before they are fully grown (eg female Apodemus flavicollis at 10 g or 30% of full size -Adamczewska 1961, A. sylvaticus at 15 g or 50% of full size -Flowerdew 1972; Microtus oeconomus at 20 g or 50% of full size - Gliwicz 1996).…”

Section: Strategy IImentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing life histories of shrews and rodents

Gliwicz

Taylor

2002

Acta Theriol

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Comparing life histories of shrews and rodents. [In: Theriology at the turn of a new century. J. Gliwicz, ed]. Acta Theriologica 47, Suppl. 1: 185-208.Small insectivores and rodents, despite similarities in body size and attributes scaling to body size, exhibit significant differences in other properties, including many life history traits. In this article major differences between life history traits of the two taxa are reviewed, with an indication of contrasting selection pressures related to somewhat different body size, as well as to differences in metabolic rates, diet and exposure to predation. Additionally, since the life history differences between small mammals are particularly well pronounced in highly seasonal habitats, the winter ecology of shrews and rodents is compared. Finally, the two different reproductive strategies typical for soricine shrews and small nonhibernating rodents, are presented. In conclusion, it is proposed that the reproduction delayed to the second calendar year of life in shrews is the result of selection for traits ensuring successful survival in winter, a period that is more perilous for shrews than for rodents. In rodents, in contrast, opportunistic reproduction is the most prominent characteristic which also helps to maximize their reproductive output. This ability for high reproduction seems to be the main antipredatory measure selected for in rodent evolution.

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“…Other important factors were a decrease in size of residents' home ranges and increased immigration of strangers (e.g., Boutin, 1984;Flowerdew, 1972;Gilbert and Krebs, 1981;Taitt, 1981;Taitt and Krebs, 1981). Furthermore, although there was an initial rise in population in two vole species (Microtus californicus and M. ochrogaster), unlimited food was not sufficient to produce a rapidly expanding population or prevent its subsequent decline (Cole and Batzli, 1978;Krebs and De Long, 1965).…”

Section: Population Dynamics At Takasakiyamamentioning

confidence: 99%

Provisioning and the study of free-ranging primates: History, effects, and prospects

Asquith

1989

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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Since the first field primate studies there has been debate over whether or not provisioning as an aid to observation of free-ranging groups alters behavior and population processes t o the extent that those studies are not indicative of the animals' natural lives. If they are not, a significant amount of long-term data on several species of primates would be rendered irrelevant to analysis of natural population processes, and to the pool of knowledge of behavior and social groups on which a picture of historical and current selection pressures is built. At present these studies cannot be used comparatively with nonprovisioned studies due to lack of information on quantities of food supplement or certainty about effects of different provisioning methods on demography and behavior.The perception that Japanese primate studies are conducted largely on provisioned groups is inaccurate. An expanding number of study populations within Japan and most overseas studies are conducted without provisioning. Historically, the reason for provisioning the endemic Japanese macaque was to facilitate observation, but it has since become also a means of conservation. Provisioning in most other instances by both Japanese and Western primatologists has been done on an ad hoc basis.Studies of supplemental feeding effects on non-primate species suggest that food supply secondarily limits population density and fecundity is not the most important factor affecting population increase.Provisioning is essential to the survival of many primate groups and provisioned groups will likely increase. Studies of natural primate ecology should be used to determine the least intrusive methods of supplementary feeding.The effects of artificial or supplemental feeding, baiting, or provisioning on the behavior and demography of free-ranging nonhuman primates have long been a concern in primatology (Altmann and Altmann, 1979;Carpenter, 1969;Fa, 1986; Fa and Southwick, 1988;Frisch, 1959Frisch, ,1963Fukuda, 1988;Goodall, 1983;Imanishi, 1965;Itani, 1975;Izawa, 1982;Lawick-Goodall, 1971;Maruhashi et al., 1986;Mori, 1977Mori, ,1979Nishida, 1979; Power, 1986, in prep.;Reynolds, 1975;Southwick et al., 1976;Sugiyama and Ohsawa, 1982;Wrangham, 1974, and in passim in numerous research publications). Provisioning' in a general sense refers to the 'The terms "provisioning" and "provisionization" were formerly distinguished. During the first decade of artificial feeding by Japanese, the term "provisionize" referred to the process of semidomestication of the Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in which the macaques accepted food in the presence of humans (Simonds, 0 1989 Alan R. Liss, Inc. [Vol. 32, 1989 offering of food beyond the natural supply and/or quality of the animals' environment (Fa, 1986). Provisioning in primate studies was begun innocuously enough on the small island Cayo Santiago, off Puerto Rico, to supplement an inadequate natural food supply for an imported colony of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) (Carpenter, 1942) and in Japan and East...

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The Effect of Supplementary Food on a Population of Wood Mice (Apodemus sylvaticus)

Cited by 100 publications

References 21 publications

The initiation and maintenance of a colony of coccidia-free wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus)

The initiation and maintenance of a colony of coccidia-free wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus)

Comparing life histories of shrews and rodents

Provisioning and the study of free-ranging primates: History, effects, and prospects

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