The Effect of Surface Roughness Difference on Bone Integration of Anodic Oxidized Ti Alloy Implants

Abstract

At present, immediate loading of dental implants is of great interest. The key of this issue is how quickly implant can acquire firm fixation in the jaw bone, and how quickly the superstructure can be fabricated. In order to achieve these, it is necessary a large surface area of the implant and to promote early contact of the surrounding bone which can bear the load. In addition to this, anodic oxidization was carried out to prevent ion elution from titanium and titanium alloy in the body. The experiment was conducted with cylindrical Ti alloy test pieces of 4 different surface roughnesses (Ra=1.1μm, 1.2μm, 2.7μm, 4,7μm). These test pieces were treated by sandblasting and anodization, and implanted into the diaphysis of the femur of New Zealand white rabbits. Six weeks later, shear loading tests and histological examination were carried out. Strong interfacial bonding strength and active new bone formation were confirmed in the peripheral area of the test pieces having a surface roughness of Ra=2.7μm and 4,7μm. Judging from the stable fixation against the shear loading in the bone tissue seen in group C(Ra=2.7μm), it was