The effect of Tai Chi in elderly individuals with sarcopenia and frailty: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Huang, Chia-Yu; Mayer, Peter Karl; Wu, Mei-Yao; Liu, Dung-Huan; Wu, Pei-Ching; Yen, Hung-Rong

doi:10.1016/j.arr.2022.101747

Cited by 51 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…In addition, tai chi chuan includes not only the component of aerobic exercise but also the components of muscle-strengthening activity and balance training. Tai chi chuan was effective in improving muscle strength and balance capacity, thereby reducing the incidence of falls among older adults . The muscle-strengthening components of tai chi chuan induced the release of neurochemicals such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor, insulinlike growth factor 1, and homocysteine, which had a positive effect on cognitive function .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tai chi chuan was effective in improving muscle strength and balance capacity, thereby reducing the incidence of falls among older adults. 25,26 The musclestrengthening components of tai chi chuan induced the release of neurochemicals such as brainderived neurotrophic factor, insulinlike growth factor 1, and homocysteine, which had a positive effect on cognitive function. 27 The muscle tension and contraction through tai chi chuan training might cause more metabolic stress and molecule release-associated cognitive changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Tai Chi Chuan on Cognitive Function in Adults 60 Years or Older With Type 2 Diabetes and Mild Cognitive Impairment in China

et al. 2023

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ImportanceType 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with the progression of cognitive dysfunction. Physical activity benefits cognition, but no evidence from randomized clinical trials has shown whether tai chi chuan has better long-term benefits than fitness walking in cognitive function for patients with T2D and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).ObjectiveTo compare the effectiveness of tai chi chuan, a mind-body exercise, for improving cognitive function in older adults with T2D and MCI, with fitness walking.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis randomized clinical trial was conducted between June 1, 2020, and February 28, 2022, at 4 sites in China. Participants included 328 adults (aged ≥60 years) with a clinical diagnosis of T2D and MCI.InterventionsParticipants were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to a tai chi chuan group, a fitness walking group, or a control group. The tai chi chuan group received 24-form simplified tai chi chuan. The fitness walking group received fitness walking training. Both exercise groups took the training for 60 min/session, 3 times/wk, for 24 weeks in a supervised setting. All 3 groups were provided with a 30-minute diabetes self-management education session, once every 4 weeks for 24 weeks. The participants were followed up for 36 weeks.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the global cognitive function measured at 36 weeks by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Secondary outcomes included MoCA at 24 weeks and other cognitive subdomain measures and blood metabolic indices at 24 and 36 weeks.ResultsA total of 328 participants (mean [SD] age, 67.55 [5.02] years; mean [SD] T2D duration, 10.48 [6.81] years; 167 [50.9%] women) were randomized to the tai chi chuan group (n = 107), fitness walking group (n = 110), or control group (n = 111) and included in the intention-to-treat analysis. At 36 weeks, the tai chi chuan group showed improved MoCA scores compared with the fitness walking group (mean [SD], 24.67 [2.72] vs 23.84 [3.17]; between-group mean difference, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.02-1.66]; P = .046) in the intention-to-treat analysis. The per-protocol analysis data set and subgroup analysis at 36 weeks showed similar results. Based on the generalized linear models, the treatment effects were similar in each group after adjusting for self-reported dietary calories and physical activity. There were 37 nonserious adverse events (tai chi chuan group, 8; fitness walking group, 13; control group, 16) unrelated to the study with no statistically significant difference among the 3 groups (P = .26).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this randomized clinical trial including older adults with T2D and MCI, tai chi chuan was more effective than fitness walking in improving global cognitive function. The findings support a long-term benefit, suggesting the potential clinical use of tai chi chuan as an exercise intervention to improve cognitive function for older adults with T2D and MCI.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04416841

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Tai Chi Chuan on Cognitive Function in Adults 60 Years or Older With Type 2 Diabetes and Mild Cognitive Impairment in China

et al. 2023

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“…Participants with sarcopenia have a gradual loss of balance ability and postural control disorders, which become important factors leading to fall and poor physical flexibility ( 49 , 50 ). Therefore, it is recommended that older adults perform balance training, such as cross-pacing and tai chi ( 51 ), more than three times a week as a way to reduce the risk of falls. At the same time, a cumulative total of at least 2 weeks of flexibility training should be conducted each month, with a moderate to light dose of 10 min each time, including the neck, shoulders, kinesiology, knees and other joint parts ( 52 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research hotspots and trends of exercise for sarcopenia: A bibliometric analysis

Xiang

Hu²,

Zheng³

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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Exercise is an effective method for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia, which can improve skeletal muscle mass, strength and physical function in individuals with sarcopenia to varying degrees. Moreover, exercise has an important role in improving ability to perform daily activities and quality of life on sarcopenia. In this study, articles and review articles on exercise interventions for sarcopenia from January 2003 to July 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science core collection. Then, the number of annual publications, journal/cited journal, country, institution, author/cited author, references and keywords were analyzed using CiteSpace 6.1.R2. A total of 5,507 publications were collected and the number of publications increasing each year. Experimental Gerontology was the most productive journal and the most cited journal was J GERONTOL A-BIOL. The United States of America was the most influential country with the largest number of publications and centrality. Maastricht University in the Netherlands is the most productive institution. The author VAN LOON LJC has the highest ranking in terms of publications and CRUZ-JENTOFT A is ranked first in terms of cited authors. The most frequently occurring keywords in the field of exercise interventions for sarcopenia are “skeletal muscle,” “exercise,” “body composition,” “strength,” and “older adult”; the keyword “elderly men” showed the strongest explosive intensity. The keywords formed 6 clusters, namely “skeletal muscle,” “muscle strength,” “heart failure,” “muscle protein synthesis,” “insulin resistance” and “high-intensity interval training.” In conclusion, this study demonstrates a new perspective on the current state of research and trends in exercise interventions for sarcopenia over the past 20 years via the visualization software CiteSpace. It may help researchers to identify potential collaborators and partner institutions, hotspots and research frontiers in the field of exercise interventions for sarcopenia.

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“…The low-intensity steady-state cardio method is an exercise method that uses an aerobic energy system. When exercise involves not only the musculoskeletal system, it also other systems such as the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, excretory system, nervous system, and others (Huang et al, 2022) (Kuo et al, 2022). Tai chi exercise is better than the low-intensity steady-state cardio method for improving sleep quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tai chi exercise is better than low-intensity steady-state cardio for improving physical fitness and sleep quality in the elderly

Andriana

Nurdianto²

2022

SPORTIF

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The condition of elderly is a condition with decreased function both anatomically and physiologically. The problem is the lack of participation of the elderly in exercise due to motivational factors, physical conditions, and attitudes of the elderly towards this type of exercise. This study aims to prove that tai chi is better than low-intensity steady-state cardio in improving the physical fitness and sleep quality of the elderly. The method used in this study is quantitative inferential using a two-group experimental design. This study examined as many as 40 older adults as subjects. The Physical fitness was collected using a senior fitness test instrument, and sleep quality was collected using a sleep quality questionnaire entitled the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The data analysis technique was paired sample t-test and independent t-test. The results showed that tai chi exercise was better than low-intensity steady-state cardio for increasing flexibility (p<0,05), muscle strength in the upper and lower extremities (p<0,05), and improving coordination and balance abilities (p<0,05). At the same time, the low-intensity steady state is better than tai chi exercise in improving cardiovascular ability (p<0,05). Tai chi exercise is better than the low-intensity steady-state cardio method for improving sleep quality (p<0,05). The conclusion is that tai chi exercise is better than the low-intensity steady state in improving physical fitness and sleep quality in the elderly group.

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The effect of Tai Chi in elderly individuals with sarcopenia and frailty: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Cited by 51 publications

References 93 publications

Effects of Tai Chi Chuan on Cognitive Function in Adults 60 Years or Older With Type 2 Diabetes and Mild Cognitive Impairment in China

Effects of Tai Chi Chuan on Cognitive Function in Adults 60 Years or Older With Type 2 Diabetes and Mild Cognitive Impairment in China

Research hotspots and trends of exercise for sarcopenia: A bibliometric analysis

Tai chi exercise is better than low-intensity steady-state cardio for improving physical fitness and sleep quality in the elderly

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