One of the efforts to prevent the overreaching condition is by doing a recovery phase after exercise. The quality and quantity of recovery influence the effectiveness of recovery. The effectiveness of recovery can be observed by heart rate and body temperature after recovery. This study aims to compare active recovery and passive recovery after moderate-intensity continuous training on heart rate and body temperature. The research method used is quasi-experimental and uses a two-group pre and post-test design. Based on the Pocock formula, the research subjects used were 40 women aged 24 years to 35 years. The data collected include heart rate and body temperature. The data analysis techniques used were normality test, treatment effect test (paired sample t-test), and difference test (independent samples t-test). The results showed that active recovery was better than passive recovery to optimizing post-exercise heart rate (p<0.05). Active recovery was better than passive recovery in optimizing body temperature (p<0.05). It was concluded that active recovery after moderate-intensity continuous training was better than passive recovery to optimize post-exercise recovery and prevent overreaching.

Background: Physical exercise cannot be separated with body sweating, which is one of effort the body to maintain the homeostatic and thermoregulation. the factor of sweat rate is environment condition, for examples are room temperature and relative humidity. Aim: Compare physical exercise in two different environmental conditions, including at night and in the morning to the sweat rate. Method: The quantitative research design with descriptive design uses a one shot case study. Using as many as 40 male students divided into four groups. Result: To find out the differences between the two groups, this study used independent samples t-test. The group continuous running activity in the morning and at night has an average sweat rate as much as 0,49 liter ± 0,28 and 0,62 liter ± 0,31 with the value of (p > 0,05). The group cycing with HIIT activity in the morning and at night has an average sweat rate as much as 0,34 liter ± 0,177 and 0.42 liter ± 0,176 with the value of (p > 0,05). Conclusion: The average sweat rate of night physical exercise is more than the average sweat rate in the morning, even though there is no significant difference between both.Keywords: Relative humidity, night physical exercise, morning physical exercise, sweat rate, thermoregulation

Pada dasarnya manusia melalui dua fase di dalam hidupnya yaitu fase ergotropic yang mana manusia beraktivitas pada pagi hari dan fase trophotropic yaitu manusia melakukan recovery di malam hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingan dua jenis olahraga yang dilakukan pada pagi dan di malam hari terhadap kualitas tidur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dan pendekatan deskriptif dengan perlakuan one shot case study design yang menggunakan 40 mahasiswa putra sebagai subjek penelitian yang terbagi dalam empat kelompok. Untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas tidur pada sesi pagi dan malam hari menggunakan uji independent samples t test. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kualitas tidur pada kelompok yang yang melakukan aktivitas continuous cycling berintensitas sedang  di sesi pagi dan malam hari memiliki nilai P > 0,05 dan kualitas tidur pada kelompok yang melakukan aktivitas cycling with High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) di sesi pagi dan malam hari memiliki nilai P < 0,05. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada kualitas tidur antara kelompok yang melakukan aktivitas continuous cycling berintesitas sedang di pagi dan malam hari namun terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada kualitas tidur antara kelompok yang melakukan aktivitas cycling with HIIT di pagi dan malam hari.

With age, many body functions decline, and the structure and function of cells, tissues, and organ systems change. Such changes can cause muscle weakness, affect the ability to participate in physical activity, and can affect sleep quality. The sampling technique used in this study was direct sampling. A sample of 56 elderly aged 50 years and over was obtained. Physical activity was measured using the Elderly Physical Activity Scale (PASE) questionnaire, and sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Based on the result analysis of the relationship test using the chi-square test, the p-value obtained from the results of the statistical significance test was 0.5 > 0.05. This shows no relationship between physical activity and sleeps quality in the elderly at Poshandu Mawar, Menur Pampangan, Sukolilo District, Surabaya City.

Thermoregulation is an effort to maintain body temperature within the normal range, it's achieved by maintaining a balance between the heat generated in the body and the heat released. The purpose of this study was to analyze the physiological adaptation response in a hot environment in the sub-elite athlete's paraswimming. The method used is quantitative with pre-test and post-test design, which examines five paraswimming athletes. The data were collected for nine weeks and includes body weight changes, temperature, and relative humidity during exercise. The analysis data used are mean, standard deviation, Wilcoxon test, and Mann-Whitney test. The results of this study are that there is a difference between the training sessions in the morning and the afternoon on the loss of body fluids of para-swimming athletes (p<0,00). The amount of fluid loss in athletes decreased every week (p<0,00). The temperature and relative humidity in the morning session was higher than in the training session in the afternoon. The decrease in the amount of bodies fluid loss is caused by various factors, including the drinking pattern strategy applied by each athlete and the athlete's body starting to adapt to the conditions of the training environment.