The effect of temperature on<i>Nosema apis</i>Zander (Microsporida, Nosematidae) infection in honey bees (<i>Apis mellifera</i>)

Woyciechowski, Michał; Czekońska, Krystyna

doi:10.1051/parasite/1999062185

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…As a MetAP2, fumagillin works by interfering with protein synthesis and thereby disrupts proteostasis, the homeostasis of protein synthesis, folding, function, and degradation (68). As confirmed here, Nosema spp., both N. apis (69, 70) and N. ceranae (14, 15), exhibit an increased vulnerability to heat shock, another trigger of proteotoxic stress that works by denaturing proteins in the cytoplasm. It might be expected that an increased understanding of the sensitivity of N. ceranae to proteotoxic insult might identify novel treatment strategies for microsporidia infection in honey bees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Transcriptional Response to Heat Shock Impacting Diverse Cellular Processes despite Lack of Heat Shock Factor in Microsporidia

McNamara-Bordewick

McKinstry

Snow

2019

mSphere

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The majority of fungal species prefer the 12° to 30°C range, and relatively few species tolerate temperatures higher than 35°C. Our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning the ability of some species to grow at higher temperatures is incomplete. Nosema ceranae is an obligate intracellular fungal parasite that infects honey bees and can cause individual mortality and contribute to colony collapse. Despite a reduced genome, this species is strikingly thermotolerant, growing optimally at the colony temperature of 35°C. In characterizing the heat shock response (HSR) in N. ceranae, we found that this and other microsporidian species have lost the transcriptional regulator HSF and possess a reduced set of putative core HSF1-dependent HSR target genes. Despite these losses, N. ceranae demonstrates robust upregulation of the remaining HSR target genes after heat shock. In addition, thermal stress leads to alterations in genes involved in various metabolic pathways, ribosome biogenesis and translation, and DNA repair. These results provide important insight into the stress responses of microsporidia. Such a new understanding will allow new comparisons with other pathogenic fungi and potentially enable the discovery of novel treatment strategies for microsporidian infections affecting food production and human health. IMPORTANCE We do not fully understand why some fungal species are able to grow at temperatures approaching mammalian body temperature. Nosema ceranae, a microsporidium, is a type of fungal parasite that infects honey bees and grows optimally at the colony temperature of 35°C despite possessing cellular machinery for responding to heat stress that is notably simpler than that of other fungi. We find that N. ceranae demonstrates a robust and broad response to heat shock. These results provide important insight into the stress responses of this type of fungus, allow new comparisons with other pathogenic fungi, and potentially enable the discovery of novel treatment strategies for this type of fungus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Transcriptional Response to Heat Shock Impacting Diverse Cellular Processes despite Lack of Heat Shock Factor in Microsporidia

McNamara-Bordewick

McKinstry

Snow

2019

mSphere

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“…Bees susceptibility to disease is genetically determined. Different genotypes of bees within races or lines characterize with varying degrees of susceptibility to pathogens as Ascosphera apis (Gilliam et al, 1988), American foulbrood (Rothenbühler & Thompson, 1956), and parasites: Varroa destructor (Guzman et al, 1996), Acarapis woodi (Gary & Page, 1987) Vairimorpha apis (Woyciechowski et al, 1994). One of the mechanisms of bee resistance to disease is behavioral resistance, e.g., hygienic behavior, VSH (varroa sensitive hygiene) and grooming behavior.…”

Section: Healthiness In Relation To Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Status of Honeybee Colonies Differing in Genetic Intra-Colonial Diversity

Gerula¹

2023

Journal of Apicultural Science

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Two different levels of diversity within a colony were compared for the prevalence of pathogens and diseases. Lower genetic diversity was obtained in the colonies in which the queens were inseminated with semen collected from drones originating from a single colony, while greater was obtained in the colonies with queens inseminated with semen from drones of thirty different colonies. Bees were tested for Varroa destructor infestation, microsporidia Vairimorpha spp. infection, acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV) and deformed wing virus (DWV). Colonies with a greater genetic diversity of workers in colonies were more infested with Varroa mites than genetically uniform colonies. Varroa infestation was not found to be associated directly with the weakening of bee colonies after winter. The two experimental groups had a similar number of colonies infected with Vairimorpha, and viruses. Intensity of Varroa infestation and Vairimorpha infection did not significantly affect the overwintering of bee colonies. Colonies in which DWV was detected significantly weakened during overwintering.

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“…It can synergistically interact with DWV in a nutrition- and dose-dependent manner (Zheng et al, 2015 ), suggesting a connection among DWV, N. ceranae , and nutrition. The optimal temperature for N. ceranae infection is 25°C, and the preferred temperature for its multiplication is 35°C (Woyciechowski and Czekonska, 2014 ), which may explain the phenomenon that honeybees infected with N. ceranae are inclined to congregate in the warmer part of the hive (Moeller, 1956 ).…”

Section: Biotic Stress In Honeybeesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Wisdom of Honeybee Defenses Against Environmental Stresses

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2018

Front. Microbiol.

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As one of the predominant pollinator, honeybees provide important ecosystem service to crops and wild plants, and generate great economic benefit for humans. Unfortunately, there is clear evidence of recent catastrophic honeybee colony failure in some areas, resulting in markedly negative environmental and economic effects. It has been demonstrated that various environmental stresses, including both abiotic and biotic stresses, functioning singly or synergistically, are the potential drivers of colony collapse. Honeybees can use many defense mechanisms to decrease the damage from environmental stress to some extent. Here, we synthesize and summarize recent advances regarding the effects of environmental stress on honeybees and the wisdom of honeybees to respond to external environmental stress. Furthermore, we provide possible future research directions about the response of honeybees to various form of stressors.

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The effect of temperature onNosema apisZander (Microsporida, Nosematidae) infection in honey bees (Apis mellifera)

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Robust Transcriptional Response to Heat Shock Impacting Diverse Cellular Processes despite Lack of Heat Shock Factor in Microsporidia

Robust Transcriptional Response to Heat Shock Impacting Diverse Cellular Processes despite Lack of Heat Shock Factor in Microsporidia

Health Status of Honeybee Colonies Differing in Genetic Intra-Colonial Diversity

The Wisdom of Honeybee Defenses Against Environmental Stresses

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