The effect of temperature on hospital admissions in nine California counties

Green, Rochelle S.; Basu, Rupa; Malig, Brian; Broadwin, Rachel; Kim, Janice J.; Ostro, Bart

doi:10.1007/s00038-009-0076-0

Cited by 226 publications

(199 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Linearity assumption for temperatures was evaluated using restricted cubic spline functions in the model. Because we found little evidence of nonlinearity for the relationship of cold and hot temperatures with mortality in both seasons, we obtained adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for every 5°C change in temperature, 25,26 which were scaled to represent a mean percent increase in daily mortality per 5°C change for each census division. Further details on model development and linearity assumption are in Appendix 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 This method has commonly been used to study temperature health effects. 22,[24][25][26][27][28] Consistent with previous studies, 22,27 we selected referent periods using a time-stratified design by matching referent periods (up to 4) to the case period on the same day of the week within the same calendar month. 27 This approach inherently controls for seasonal trends and day-of-the-week effects, thus reducing potential time trend biases.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the effect of cold and hot temperatures on mortality in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study

Chen

Wang

et al. 2016

CMAJ Open

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Background: Ambient high temperature is associated with death; however, heat-related risk of death has not been quantified systematically in Ontario, the most populous province in Canada. Less is known about cold-related risk in this population. Our objective was to quantify the health impact from cold and hot temperatures in Ontario. Methods:The study population consisted of all residents of Ontario who died between Jan. 1, 1996, and Dec. 31, 2010, from any nonaccidental cause. A case-crossover analysis was applied to assess the relation between daily temperature fluctuation and deaths from nonaccidental and selected causes in cold (December-February) and warm (June-August) seasons, respectively, adjusting for various potential confounders. Risk estimates were obtained for each census division, then pooled across Ontario. We examined potential effect modification for selected comorbidities and sociodemographic characteristics. Results:In warm seasons, each 5°C increase in daily mean temperature was associated with a 2.5% increase in nonaccidental deaths (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3% to 3.8%) on the day of exposure (lag 0). In cold seasons, each 5°C decrease in daily temperature was associated with a 3.0% (95% CI 1.8% to 4.2%) increase in nonaccidental deaths, which persisted over 7 days (lag 0-6). The cold-related effects (lag 0-6) were stronger for cardiovascular-related deaths (any cardiovascular death: 4.1%, 95% CI 2.3% to 5.9%; ischemic heart disease: 5.8%, 95% CI 3.6% to 8.1%), especially among people less than 65 years of age (8.0%, 95% CI 3.0% to 13.0%). Conversely, heat most strongly increased respiratory-related deaths during admission to hospital (26.0%, 95% CI 0% to 61.4%). Across Ontario, each 5°C change in daily temperature was estimated to induce 7 excess deaths per day in cold seasons and 4 excess deaths in warm seasons.Interpretation: Heat contributed to excess deaths in Ontario, although the effect of cold weather appeared to be greater. Further work is required to better define high-risk subgroups, which might include the homeless and people with inadequately heated housing. Abstract Research CMAJ OPENCMAJ OPEN, 4(1) E49

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the effect of cold and hot temperatures on mortality in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study

Chen

Wang

et al. 2016

CMAJ Open

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“…A high temperature constitutes a risk factor for the occurrence of cerebrovascular, heart and respiratory diseases; consequently, the death rate increases correspondingly, particularly among the elderly (1)(2)(3). At present, the effect of a high temperature especially the dehydration of thermal on the physiological function of human, is lacking in terms of comprehensive knowledge and understanding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dehydration heat exposure on thoracic aorta reactivity in rats

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of one week dehydration heat exposure on thoracic aorta reactivity in rats. Eighteen Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=6 each group): Control group (CN), heat exposure group (HE), dehydration heat exposure group (DHE). The CN group was exposed to a room temperature of 24˚C, while the HE and DHE groups were exposed to a heat temperature of 32˚C. After 7 days of heat exposure, the heart rate and blood pressure of the rats were measured, and the noradrenaline (NA)-induced contraction on the aorta rings was measured by tension recording. The average contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum were detected using ELISA. The expression of apoptotic genes in the thoracic aorta was measured using RT-PCR. Compared with CN, the heart rate in the HE and DHE groups had a tendency to become retarded, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05). In the HE group, the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) of the rats were significantly higher than that of the CN (P<0.05). In the DHE group, the SBP of rats was significantly higher than that of the CN (P<0.05), while the SBP, DBP, and MAP of the rats were decreased compared to the rats in the HE group, although there was no statistical significance (P>0.05). In the HE and DHE groups, the NA-induced contraction on the rats thoracic aorta ring was larger than that of the CN (P<0.05), albeit there was no significant difference between the HE and DHE groups (P>0.05). The serum SOD content decreased in the HE and DHE groups, however, the reduction was significant only in the DHE group (P<0.05). The content of MDA in serum was significantly increased in the DHE group (P<0.05). The expression of BAX was significantly upregulated whereas Bcl2 expression was decreased in the DHE group (P<0.05). The results showed that a high temperature was harmful to the body, especially in the case of lack of food and water. Additionally, the heat exposure elevated blood pressure, and increased arterial reactivity, which were related to the elevated production of MDA, led to the impaired production of SOD, and an increase of cell apoptosis. These findings are useful to understand the influence of dehydrated heat exposure on the vascular function, and they provide certain theoretical and experimental guidance for protection under high temperature. IntroductionHigh temperature has a severe influence on an individual's work, life and body, and it is easy for the individual to become exhausted, irritable and exasperation. A high temperature constitutes a risk factor for the occurrence of cerebrovascular, heart and respiratory diseases; consequently, the death rate increases correspondingly, particularly among the elderly (1-3). At present, the effect of a high temperature especially the dehydration of thermal on the physiological function of human, is lacking in terms of comprehensive knowledge and understanding.On the ...

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“…Changes in serum cholesterol levels and autonomic nervous system response has caused an increase in CVD events during temperature crises and this issue has become a concern among older people with heart problems (2). According to some studies, increase in heart diseases varies in different seasons and in hot seasons it is higher than other seasons (3,4). However, in most studies, the season that was associated with the highest rate of acute myocardial infarction (MI) was winter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A two-year survey on the effect of temperature changes on the incidence of myocardial infarction in patients referred to the Ali-ibn Abi Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan, Iran, in 2013-2014

Ali¹,

Hasani²,

Tavakoli³

et al. 2014

JOHE

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Received: August 2015, Accepted: December 2015 Background: The role of temperature changes, as an environmental risk factor, in the human health status has been investigated in recent studies. Accordingly, the present two-year study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) in warm and cold seasons in Ali-ibn Abi Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan, Iran. Materials and Methods:In this descriptive and cross-sectional study, 264 patients hospitalized with MI during a two-year period (2013-2014) were included. Data on the participants were obtained from their electronic medical files and on the weather from the official Rafsanjan Weather Bureau station. The collected data was then analyzed using statistical tests including chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression model in SPSS software. Results: Data showed that 41.80% of MI occurred in hot weather, 14% in cold, and the remaining 37.12% in mild weather. According to the type of MI, 49.47% of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and 44.44% of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) occurred in very hot weather while 13.54% of NSTEMI and 18% of STEMI occurred in very cold weather. This difference was not significant. Conclusions: Based on our data, MI had occurred mostly in hot weather and more than half of the cases were NSTEMI.

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The effect of temperature on hospital admissions in nine California counties

Abstract: Our results indicate that increases in ambient temperature have important public health impacts on morbidity.

Cited by 226 publications

References 25 publications

Assessment of the effect of cold and hot temperatures on mortality in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study

Assessment of the effect of cold and hot temperatures on mortality in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study

Effect of dehydration heat exposure on thoracic aorta reactivity in rats

A two-year survey on the effect of temperature changes on the incidence of myocardial infarction in patients referred to the Ali-ibn Abi Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan, Iran, in 2013-2014

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