The Effect of Temperature on the Molluscacidal Activity of Copper Sulfate

Hoffman, D. O.; Zakhary, Rizkalla

doi:10.1126/science.114.2968.521

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The toxicity of Cutrine-Plus and diquat varied little with changes in temperature (1 7-27OC), hardness (10-84 mg/L) and pH (6.6-8.0) ( Table 3). Hoffman and Zakhary [33,34] indicated that temperature and exposure time were critical in determining the activity of molluscicides, but the 96-h LCso for copper in the present study ranged only from 35 to 48 pglL (nominal concentration). However, the addition of large amounts of sediment (200 g, 1 cm thick) and food (20,50 or 200 g of lettuce) decreased the toxicity of Komeen substantially (Table 3).…”

Section: Acute Toxicity Of Copper and Diquar Ro Apple Snailscontrasting

confidence: 64%

Field and laboratory evaluation of the influence of copper‐diquat on apple snails in Southern Florida

Winger

Imlay

McMillan

et al. 1984

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The recent decline of apple snail (Pomacea paludosa) populations in canals surrounding Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge in southern Florida coincided with the use of copper‐diquat for the control of the aquatic weed hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata). Field and laboratory studies were designed to assess the effects of copper‐diquat on apple snails, which are the primary food of the endangered snail kite Rostrhamus sociabilis (formerly known as the Everglade kite). Acute toxicities (96‐h LC50 values) of Cutrine‐Plus and Komeen (chelated formulations of copper) to immature apple snails were 22 and 24 μg/L, respectively. Diquat was toxic at a concentration of 1,800 μg/L and did not increase the toxicity of copper when the chemicals were used in combination. Evaluation of field samples indicated that copper concentrations were higher in detritus than in water, plants and mud, and that there was a gradient of copper concentration from the canal to the interior, the highest residues being in samples from the canal. Copper associated with detritus (up to 150 μg/g) had no effect on growth or survival of apple snails in field cage and tank studies. Also, field applications of copper‐diquat to hydrilla had no effect on survival of caged adult and immature snails. Copper from field applications was rapidly taken out of solution by plants and organic material in the water and subsequently incorporated into the bottom detritus. Although the effects of repeated applications of copper‐diquat and high body burdens of copper (accumulated during exposure to herbicidal treatment) on survival and reproduction of apple snails are not known, the information available indicates that treatment of hydrilla with copper‐diquat was probably not responsible for the decline in the apple snail population. Application at recommended rates should pose no threat to these snails in the organically rich waters of southern Florida.

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Section: Acute Toxicity Of Copper and Diquar Ro Apple Snailscontrasting

confidence: 64%

Field and laboratory evaluation of the influence of copper‐diquat on apple snails in Southern Florida

Winger

Imlay

McMillan

et al. 1984

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…At concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 50 mg/L, various forms of copper have been used as molluscacides against snail vectors of human parasites [31–33]. Review of acute toxicity concentrations as reported for Biomphalaria (1.35 mg/L at 72 h), Campeloma (1.7 mg/L at 96 h), and Physa integra (= Physella integra ) (39 μg/L at 96 h) suggests that physid snails are relatively sensitive to copper [34,35]. For P. integra , a 6‐week exposure to 28 μg/L and to 14.8 μg/L copper resulted in 90 and 65% mortality, respectively, with no growth of snails occurring in either concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper toxicity to the endoparasitic trematode (Posthodiplostomum minimum) relative to physid snail and bluegill sunfish intermediate hosts

Soucek

Noblet

1998

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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A laboratory study was conducted to determine copper toxicity to the endoparasitict ematode Posthodiplostomum minimum (MacCallum) relative to snail first intermediate hosts and bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque) as second intermediate hosts. To determine copper effects on cercariae, the life‐cycle stages of P. minimum were established in the laboratory. A 96‐h median lethal concentration (LC50) test for bluegills was performed, and the calculated value of 0.892 mg/L total Cu was considered in selection of copper concentrations for all other experiments. Snail hosts (Physella gyrina (Say)) exposed to copper concentrations equal to 0, 8.9, 22.3, 44.6, and 89.2 μg/L Cu, exhibited a significant toxic response with ∼64% and ∼87% mortality occurring in the 44.6 and 89.2 μg/L concentrations, respectively. The 7‐d LC50 for snails was 38.0 μg/L Cu. Free‐swimming cercariae exposed to the same copper concentrations exhibited a similar toxic response with a 9‐h LC50 of 32.0 μg/L Cu and a 12‐h LC50 of 26.0 μg/L Cu.

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Comparative Investigations of Some Molluscicides

Gönnert

Strufe

1962

Ciba Foundation Symposium ‐ Bilharziasis

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The Effect of Temperature on the Molluscacidal Activity of Copper Sulfate

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Field and laboratory evaluation of the influence of copper‐diquat on apple snails in Southern Florida

Field and laboratory evaluation of the influence of copper‐diquat on apple snails in Southern Florida

Copper toxicity to the endoparasitic trematode (Posthodiplostomum minimum) relative to physid snail and bluegill sunfish intermediate hosts

Comparative Investigations of Some Molluscicides

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