The Effect of the Crosstalk between Photoperiod and Temperature on the Heading-Date in Rice

Abstract

Photoperiod and temperature are two important environmental factors that influence the heading-date of rice. Although the influence of the photoperiod on heading has been extensively reported in rice, the molecular mechanism for the temperature control of heading remains unknown. This study reports an early heading mutant derived from tissue culture lines of rice and investigates the heading-date of wild type and mutant in different photoperiod and temperature treatments. The linkage analysis showed that the mutant phenotype cosegregated with the Hd1 locus. Sequencing analysis found that the mutant contained two insertions and several single-base substitutions that caused a dramatic reduction in Hd1mRNA levels compared with wild type. The expression patterns of Hd1 and Hd3a were also analyzed in different photoperiod and temperature conditions, revealing that Hd1 mRNA levels displayed similar expression patterns for different photoperiod and temperature treatments, with high expression levels at night and reduced levels in the daytime. In addition, Hd1 displayed a slightly higher expression level under long-day and low temperature conditions. Hd3a mRNA was present at a very low level under low temperature conditions regardless of the day-length. This result suggests that suppression of Hd3a expression is a principle cause of late heading under low temperature and long-day conditions.

Interaction between temperature and photoperiod in regulation of flowering time in rice

“…The heading-date of the mutant was almost identical under SD and LD conditions, while the heading-date of Zhonghua 11 was 21 d later under LD condition than SD condition [23]. This result suggested that the mutant was photoperiod-insensitive.…”

“…japonica, wild type) and lf1132, a mutant derived from a tissue culture line of Zhonghua 11. The mutant has a loss of function allele for the Hd1 gene, with two inserted fragments and several single-base substitutions at the Hd1 locus [23]. Plants were grown in the experimental field of the Tianjin Agricultural Academy of Science (TAAS), Tianjin Province and at Sanya, Hainan Province.…”

“…In our previous study, we analyzed the heading-date of mutant (lf1132) and wild type (Zhonghua 11) under different photoperiods (SD and LD conditions) in detail [23]. The heading-date of the mutant was almost identical under SD and LD conditions, while the heading-date of Zhonghua 11 was 21 d later under LD condition than SD condition [23].…”

“…Our previous study investigated molecular regulation of rice flowering in different temperature conditions (27 and 23°C) and revealed that Hd1 expression was not significantly changed. However, Hd3a mRNA levels were strongly suppressed by low temperature under both SD and LD conditions [23]. This result suggested that the temperature regulatory pathway for rice flowering might interact with the photoperiod regulatory pathway.…”

Potensi Hasil Galur Harapan Padi Sawah Ultra Genjah dan Sangat Genjah

“…Nishida et al (2001) menyatakan gen-gen yang paling berperan dalam pembungaan padi berada pada lokus Ef1, E, dan Se1. Penelitian lain menunjukkan QTL Hd1 merupakan turunan (downstream) dari QTL Hd3a yang menyebabkan padi lebih cepat berbunga pada kondisi hari pendek (Yano et al 2000, Yano et al 2001, Imaizumi and Kay 2006, Tamaki et al 2007, Izawa 2007, Komiya et al 2008, Luan et al 2009, Itoh et al 2010.…”