1983
DOI: 10.1002/1098-2337(1983)9:1<21::aid-ab2480090104>3.0.co;2-h
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The effect of time-out (to) duration on assaultiveness in psychiatrically hospitalized children

Abstract: The effect of differential time‐out (TO) durations (15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 minutes) on assaultive behavior for 13 psychiatrically hospitalized children and adolescents was analyzed. For the total sample, no statistically significant difference in assault frequencies was evident. Also evident was the effect of time‐out duration on time taken to become settled: the longer the time‐out given, the longer the time needed to become calm.

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Cited by 19 publications
(13 citation statements)
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“…Other studies recommend one minute of time‐out per age of the child, but no longer than five minutes total (e.g., Webster‐Stratton, ). Some studies have found equal effectiveness among durations, and these authors argue that it is the act of being in time‐out, or away from reinforcement, that decreases the behavior, rather than the specific duration of time‐out (Benjamin et al., ; Fabiano et al., ). For this reason, the exact duration may not predict the effectiveness of the time‐out as long as the child is denied access to reinforcement.…”
Section: Noncompliance In the Preschool Classroommentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Other studies recommend one minute of time‐out per age of the child, but no longer than five minutes total (e.g., Webster‐Stratton, ). Some studies have found equal effectiveness among durations, and these authors argue that it is the act of being in time‐out, or away from reinforcement, that decreases the behavior, rather than the specific duration of time‐out (Benjamin et al., ; Fabiano et al., ). For this reason, the exact duration may not predict the effectiveness of the time‐out as long as the child is denied access to reinforcement.…”
Section: Noncompliance In the Preschool Classroommentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There is no evidence that longer periods of time out are any more effective than shorter periods (Benjamin et al 1983;Freeman et al 1976;Hobbs et al 1978;McGuffin 1991;Pendergrass 1971), and short periods of time out are generally recommended. There is no specific research providing recommendations relation to the time out stimulus or the schedule.…”
Section: How Is Time Out Used Effectively?mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Studies comparing time-out duration have produced mixed results for a wide range of times. For example, Barton et al (1970) effectively used time-outs of 15 s to reduce inappropriate mealtime behavior, while Benjamin et al (1983) used 15-90 min time-outs and found significant reductions of aggressive behaviors. Barkley (1990) suggests using one min of time-out per year of age, although there are no empirical data to support this simple formula.…”
Section: How Should Children Be Sent To Time-out?mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Barkley (1990) suggests using one min of time-out per year of age, although there are no empirical data to support this simple formula. Benjamin et al (1983) compared the effects of 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 min time-outs on patients' inappropriate behavior in a psychiatric hospital setting. Although it is not recommended that teachers use time-outs of this duration because of the loss of instruction time (among other ethical concerns), the results have a general applicability.…”
Section: How Should Children Be Sent To Time-out?mentioning
confidence: 99%