The effect of time synchronization of wireless sensors on the modal analysis of structures

Krishnamurthy, V.; Fowler, Kathleen; Sazonov, Edward

doi:10.1088/0964-1726/17/5/055018

Cited by 90 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A small synchronization error between devices means that obtaining the proper mode shapes without deviating from reality or theoretical calculations of structure is not possible. Without this fundamental feature, the use of WN is not feasible because its error would exceed the noise made by the sensors [2], [7].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Measurement System for Structural Health Monitoring With High Time-Synchronization Accuracy

Araújo

García‐Palacios

Blesa

et al. 2012

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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Abstract-Structural health monitoring (SHM) systems have excellent potential to improve the regular operation and maintenance of structures. Wireless networks (WNs) have been used to avoid the high cost of traditional generic wired systems. The most important limitation of SHM wireless systems is timesynchronization accuracy, scalability, and reliability. A complete wireless system for structural identification under environmental load is designed, implemented, deployed, and tested on three different real bridges. Our contribution ranges from the hardware to the graphical front end. System goal is to avoid the main limitations of WNs for SHM particularly in regard to reliability, scalability, and synchronization. We reduce spatial jitter to 125 ns, far below the 120 /xs required for high-precision acquisition systems and much better than the 10-/xs current solutions, without adding complexity. The system is scalable to a large number of nodes to allow for dense sensor coverage of real-world structures, only limited by a compromise between measurement length and mandatory time to obtain the final result. The system addresses a myriad of problems encountered in a real deployment under difficult conditions, rather than a simulation or laboratory test bed.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Measurement System for Structural Health Monitoring With High Time-Synchronization Accuracy

Araújo

García‐Palacios

Blesa

et al. 2012

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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“…It is worth noting that this requirement can be easily met in the traditional wired sensing system but not in case of WSNs with inherent synchronization errors. Nagayama et al (2007) noted substantial effects of initial DSE on modal phases detected from simulation model by one parametric OMA method, whereas Krishnamurthy et al (2008) observed considerable influence of initial DSE on mode shape magnitudes estimated by FDD in an experiment. Yan and Dyke (2010) confirmed effects of DSE on mode shapes in both simulation and experimental studies.…”

Section: Major Uncertainties Of Shm-oriented Wsnsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of Wireless Sensor Network Uncertainties on Output-Only Modal Analysis Employing Merged Data of Multiple Tests

Nguyễn

Chan

Thambiratnam

2014

Advances in Structural Engineering

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The use of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has become a promising approach due to many advantages such as low cost, fast and flexible deployment. However, inherent technical issues such as data synchronization error and data loss have prevented these distinct systems from being extensively used. Recently, several SHM-oriented WSNs have been proposed and believed to be able to overcome a large number of technical uncertainties. Nevertheless, there is limited research verifying the applicability of those WSNs with respect to demanding SHM applications like modal analysis and damage identification. This paper first presents a brief review of the most inherent uncertainties of the SHM-oriented WSN platforms and then investigates their effects on outcomes and performance of the most robust Output-only Modal Analysis (OMA) techniques when employing merged data from multiple tests. The two OMA families selected for this investigation are Frequency Domain Decomposition (FDD) and Data-driven Stochastic Subspace Identification (SSI-data) due to the fact that they both have been widely applied in the past decade. Experimental accelerations collected by a wired sensory system on a large-scale laboratory bridge model are initially used as clean data before being contaminated by different data pollutants in sequential manner to simulate practical SHM-oriented WSN uncertainties. The results of this study show the robustness of FDD and the precautions needed for SSI-data family when dealing with SHM-WSN uncertainties. Finally, the use of the measurement channel projection for the time-domain OMA techniques and the preferred combination of the OMA techniques to cope with the SHM-WSN uncertainties is recommended.

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“…Table 1) and of 0.01 on the MAC. -A potential lack of synchronization between the recordings of the accelerometers is accounted for with an uncertainty of 0.2% on the MAC [10]. -The secondary parameters that have a relative importance below five percent (i.e.…”

Section: Continuous Beam Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating seismic retrofitting efficiency through ambient vibration tests and analytical models

Reuland¹,

Garofano²,

Lestuzzi³

et al. 2015

IABSE Reports

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Economic and environmental imperatives lead to an ever growing need to extend the service life of the existing building stock without putting the users at risk. In zones prone to moderate seismic hazard, many buildings were built without considering seismic actions. The design and assessment of efficient seismic retrofitting rely on physical models of the buildings. However, model errors resulting from simplifications and other assumptions might lead to a biased and thus unreliable diagnosis. Therefore, structural measurements are interpreted to reduce the uncertainty related to the ambiguous task of inferring the real structural response of existing buildings, even in the linear elastic range.This contribution includes the assessment of the retrofitting of an existing masonry building through ambient vibration field measurements. Measured frequencies and mode shapes are interpreted using an error-domain model-falsification framework that allows explicit representation of uncertainties related to modelling and measurement errors. A simple continuous Timoshenko cantilever beam, characterizing the linear elastic dynamic response of the building, is used to model the building. It is concluded that such interpretation of ambient vibration data is useful to assess the efficiency of seismic retrofitting.

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The effect of time synchronization of wireless sensors on the modal analysis of structures

Cited by 90 publications

References 18 publications

Wireless Measurement System for Structural Health Monitoring With High Time-Synchronization Accuracy

Wireless Measurement System for Structural Health Monitoring With High Time-Synchronization Accuracy

Effects of Wireless Sensor Network Uncertainties on Output-Only Modal Analysis Employing Merged Data of Multiple Tests

Evaluating seismic retrofitting efficiency through ambient vibration tests and analytical models

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