The effect of transformational leadership on nonfamily international intrapreneurship behavior in family firms: the mediating role of psychological empowerment

Abstract

PurposeThe study aims to reveal the effects of transformational leadership on nonfamily employee international intrapreneurship with the mediating role of psychological empowerment.Design/methodology/approachThe study sample consists of 379 employees at 132 family export and import firms in Ho Chi Minh City of Vietnam. The data is analyzed by a partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThe paper reveals that transformational leadership had a positive and significant influence on nonfamily employee international intrapreneurship. The effect of transformational leadership on international intrapreneurship is strongly mediated by psychological empowerment.Practical implicationsFamily firms would have to form the architecture and mechanisms for supporting the dedication of nonfamily international intrapreneurship actions with transformational leadership and psychological empowerment.Originality/valueThe paper grants the driving mechanism of the transformational leadership on nonfamily employee international intrapreneurship through the mediating role of employee psychological empowerment in the context of family businesses in an emerging market.

Adapt or Perish ! A Systematic Review of the Literature on Strategic Renewal and the Family Firm

“…The second group of empirical studies comprises those studies that apply quantitative methodologies (9 studies). All of the studies included in this group are based on primary information reached via questionnaires (Au et al, 2018;Cucculelli et al, 2016;Giang & Dung, 2021;Huynh, 2021;Issah et al, 2023;Luu, 2022;Pé-rez-Pérez et al, 2019;Pérez-Pérez & Hernández-Linares, 2020;Weimann et al, 2021). In some cases, the survey data are complemented with data retrieved from a secondary database (e.g., Cucculelli et al, 2016;Pérez-Pérez et al, 2019;Pérez-Pérez & Hernández-Linares, 2020).…”

“…Further, all quantitative studies are cross-sectional studies. In terms of methodologies used for the data analysis, a 44.44% of quantitative studies performed regression analysis (Au et al, 2018;Cucculelli et al, 2016;Issah et al, 2023;Weimann et al, 2021), another 44,44% used structural equations modelling, in all cases by using the Partial Least Squares software (Giang & Dung, 2021;Huynh, 2021;Luu, 2022;Pérez-Pérez & Hernández-Linares, 2020) and the last 11.11% used two-step cluster analysis (Pérez-Pérez et al, 2019).…”

“…Regarding sample diversity (see Table 3), only Au et al (2018) and Issah et al (2023), have researched firms from more than one country, 26 and 69 countries respectively. In the case of Issah et al (2023), they used data from a global survey conducted by the Successful Transgenerational Entrepreneurship Practices (STEP) global consortium, which is an independent association with members from universities around the world.The remaining empirical papers have researched firms from only one country, with Finland (Sievinen et al, 2020a(Sievinen et al, , 2020b(Sievinen et al, , 2020c, Italy (Cucculelli et al, 2016;Di Toma, 2012;Lionzo & Rossignoli, 2013) and Vietnam (Giang & Dung, 2021;Huynh, 2021;Luu, 2022) being the most researched countries (with 16.67% of empirical studies studying each country), followed Spain (Pérez-Pérez et al, 2019; Pérez-Pérez & Hernández-Linares, 2020), researched by the 11.11% of the studies included in our literature review. Other countries researched are Germany (Weimann et al, 2021), Hungary (Németh et al, 2017), Indonesia (Anggadwita et al, 2022), Tunisia (Mzid et al, 2019), and United Kingdom (Jones et al, 2013).…”

“…Considering the size of firms researched, five studies focused on small and medium-size firms (Cucculelli et al, 2016;Luu, 2022;Pérez-Pérez & Hernández-Linares, 2020;Weimann et al, 2021), one study focused on medium to large companies (Au et al, 2018) and one on firms of all sizes (Issah et al, 2013). The two remaining studies (Giang & Dung, 2021;Huynh, 2021) do not report about the size of firms included in their samples. The composition of samples by industry sectors also varies.…”

“…Around 33.33% of studies (Issah et al, 2013;Pérez-Pérez et al, 2019;Pérez-Pérez & Hernández-Linares, 2020) analyze companies from all sectors; a 11.11% of studies focus on manufacturing industries (Cucculelli et al, 2016) andanother 11.11% (Weimann et al, 2021) focus on firms operating in manufacturing, transport, service activities, suppliers, agriculture, building, trade and communication sector, among other works. Finally, four studies do not provide any information about the industry sectors studied (Au et al, 2018;Giang & Dung, 2021;Huynh, 2021;Luu, 2022).…”